Intereā extrēmō bellātor in aequore Turnus614

pālantīs sequitur paucōs iam sēgnior atque615

iam minus atque minus successū laetus equōrum.

Attulit hunc illī caecīs terrōribus aura

commixtum clāmōrem, arrēctāsque impulit aurīs

cōnfūsae sonus urbis et inlaetābile murmur.

'Eī mihi! quid tantō turbantur moenia lūctū?620

quisve ruit tantus dīversā clāmor ab urbe?'

Sīc ait, adductīsque āmēns subsistit habēnīs.

Atque huic, in faciem soror ut conversa Metiscī

aurīgae currumque et equōs et lōra regēbat,

tālibus occurrit dictīs: 'Hāc, Turne, sequāmur625

Trōiugenās, quā prīma viam victōria pandit;

sunt aliī quī tēcta manū dēfendere possint.

Ingruit Aenēās Italīs et proelia miscet,

et nōs saeva manū mittāmus fūnera Teucrīs.

Nec numerō īnferior pūgnae neque honōre recēdēs.'630

Turnus ad haec:

'Ō soror, et dūdum agnōvī, cum prīma per artem

foedera turbāstī tēque haec in bella dedistī,

et nunc nēquīquam fallis dea. Sed quis Olympō

dēmissam tantōs voluit tē ferre labōrēs?635

an frātris miserī lētum ut crūdēle vidērēs?

Nam quid agō? aut quae iam spondet fortūna salūtem?

Vīdī oculōs ante ipse meōs mē vōce vocantem

Murrānum, quō nōn superat mihi cārior alter,

oppetere ingentem atque ingentī vulnere victum.640

Occidit īnfēlīx nē nostrum dēdecus Ūfēns

aspiceret; Teucrī potiuntur corpore et armīs.

Exscindīne domōs (id rēbus dēfuit ūnum)

perpētiar, dextrā nec Drancis dicta refellam?

Terga dabō et Turnum fugientem haec terra vidēbit?645

Ūsque adeōne morī miserum est? vōs ō mihi, Mānēs,

este bonī, quoniam superīs āversa voluntās.

Sāncta ad vōs animā atque istius īnscia culpae

dēscendam māgnōrum haud umquam indīgnus avōrum.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    bellātor, ōris, m.: a warrior, 11.553; adj., warlike, 12.614. (bellō)

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    pālor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to wander about, wander, 9.21; go astray; straggle, retreat, flee, 5.265.

    paucus, a, um: (adj.), small, little; pl., paucī, ae, a, few, a few.

    sēgnis, e: (adj.), tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

    successus, ūs, m.: a going up, an advance; success, good fortune, 2.386; speed, 12.616. (succēdō)

    terror, ōris, m.: fright, fear, dread, alarm, 7.552, et al. (terreō)

    commisceō, uī, mixtus or mistus, 2, a.: to mix together, freq.; blend, mingle, 3.633.

    arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)

    impellō, pulī, pulsus, 3, a.: to push, thrust, drive to or upon; push onward, impel, 5.242; push, open, 7.621; smite, 1.82; ply, 4.594; put in motion, urge on, 8.3; shoot, 12.856; move, disturb, 3.449; (w. inf.), lead on, impel, induce, persuade, 2.55; force, compel, 1.11.

    cōnfūsus, a, um,: mingled, confused, promiscuous, 6.504; bewildered, confounded, 12.665. (cōnfundō)

    sonus, ī, m.: a sound, noise, 2.728. (sonō)

    inlaetābilis, e: (adj.), joyless; sad, mournful, 3.707.

    murmur, uris, n.: a murmur, 6.709; uproar, 1.124; roaring, reverberation, 1.55; acclamation, applause, 5.369; thunder, 4.160.

    ei (monosyll.): (interj. expressive of grief), ah! alas! woe is me! 2.274, et al.

    lūctus, ūs, m.: a mourning; sorrow, grief, woe, lamentation, 2.298, and freq.; personif., 6.274. (lūgeō)

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    āmēns, entis: out of one’s mind or senses; amazed, beside one’s self, frantic, mad, furious, 2.314; 4.203; distracted, 3.307.

    subsistō, stitī, 3, n. and a.: to stand after; halt, stand still, 2.243; wait, remain, 11.506; tarry, remain behind, 2.739; stop, 12.491; withstand, resist, hold out, 9.806.

    habēna, ae, f.: a rein, 1.63, et al.; strap, thong, 9.587; whip, 7.380; immissīs or laxīs habēnīs, with all the reins let out, without restraint, unchecked, 5.662; pressīs or adductīs habēnīs, with tightened reins, 12.622. (habeō)

    Metiscus, ī, m.: the charioteer of Turnus, 12.469, et al.

    aurīga, ae, m.: a charioteer, 5.146; a groom, 12.85.

    lōrum, ī, n.: a leather strap or thong, 2.273; pl., lōra, ōrum, reins, 1.156, et al.; harness, 9.318.

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    hāc: (adv.), by this way or route, 8.203; this way, here, 1.467; on one side, 12.565.

    Trōiugena, ae, c.: of Trojan descent; Trojan, 3.359; Trōiugenae, ārum, c., Trojans, 8.117. (Trōia and cf. gignō)

    pandō, pandī, passus or pānsus, 3, a.: to spread out or open, 7.641; unfurl, 3.520; extend, expose, 6.740; break through, open, 2.234; unbind, dishevel, 1.480; (fig.), disclose, declare, explain, reveal, 3.179.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)

    ingruō, uī, 3, n.: to rush into; advance furiously, 11.899; assail, 8.535; rush upon the ear, resound, 2.301; descend, 12.284.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    recēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go back, retire, withdraw, 12.129; recede, retreat, 2.633; stand apart, retire, 2.300; depart, 2.595; disappear, 3.72; vanish, 5.526.

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    dūdum: (adv.), a while ago; some time ago; lately, not long ago; just now, 2.726, et al. (diū and dum)

    adgnoscō, nōvī, nitus, 3, a.: to recognize, 1.470.

    foedus, eris, n.: a treaty, league, alliance, freq., truce, 5.496; side or party, 12.658; covenant, contract, 4.339; laws of hospitality, hospitality, 10.91; pledge, love, 4.520; law, term, condition, rule, 1.62. (rel. to fīdō, trust)

    nēquīquam: (adv.), in vain, to no purpose, 2.515.

    Olympus, ī, m.: Olympus, the name of several mountains in Greece and Asia Minor, the most famous of which was Mount Olympus in the northeastern part of Thessaly; the home of the superior gods; heaven, Olympus, 1.374; referring to the gods, 8.533.

    dēmittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send down, 1.297; shed, 6.455; let down into, receive, admit, (of the mind or the senses), 4.428; consign, condemn, 2.85; convey, conduct, 5.29; transmit, hand down, 1.288; dēmittere mentem, to lose heart, sink into despair, 12.609.

    lētum, ī, n.: death, destruction, 2.134, et al. (cf. dēleō)

    crūdēlis, e: adj. (crūdus), unfeeling, ruthless, cruel, inhuman, 2.124; relentless, 1.547; unnatural, 6.24; mortal, deadly, 2.561; bloody, 1.355; bitter, 1.361.

    spondeō, spopondī, spōnsus, 2, a.: to promise, pledge, give assurance, 5.18, et al.

    Murrānus, ī, m.: a Latin slain by Aeneas, 12.529.

    oppetō, petīvī or petiī, petītus, 3, a.: to encounter; with or without mortem, to die, fall, perish, 1.96. (ob and petō)

    occidō, cidī, cāsus, 3, n.: to go down; set; fall, perish, 2.581; die. (ob and cadō)

    īnfēlīx, īcis: (adj.), unlucky; unfortunate, luckless, unhappy, 1.475, et al.; sad, miserable, 2.772; of ill omen, ill-starred, ill-boding, fatal, 2.245; unfruitful.

    dēdecus, oris, n.: dishonor, disgrace, shame, 10.681.

    Ūfēns, entis, m.: 1. A river of Latium flowing into the sea west of Terracina, 7.802. 2. A chief of the Aequi, 7.745, et al.

    potior, ītus sum, 4, dep. n.: to become master or possessor of; get, take possession, w. abl., 3.56; enjoy, 4.217; seize, 12.642; win, 9.363; achieve, execute, 6.624; gain, reach, 1.172. (potitur, 3.56; 4.217) (potis)

    exscindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to tear out; tear down, destroy, 2.177; extirpate, 4.425.

    dēsum, fuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be absent, 7.678; to be wanting or missing, 2.744; fail, be wanting, lacking, 10.378. (deest, deeram, deero, etc., often pronounced and sometimes spelled dest, etc.)

    perpetior, pessus sum, 3, dep. a. and n.: to bear completely; suffer, endure, 9.60; permit, 12.644. (per and patior)

    Drancēs, is, m.: a Latin hero, 11.122, et al.

    refellō, fellī, 3, a.: to prove that one is in error; refute, gainsay, 4.380. (re- and fallō)

    Mānēs, ium, m.: the deities of the lower world, 6.896; gods or powers below, 12.646; the spirits or souls of the dead in Hades; ghosts, shades, Manes, 3.63; penalties of the lower world, punishments, expiations, purgatory, 6.743; abode of the dead, 4.387; infernal regions, the world below, 10.820.

    āvertō, vertī, versus, 3, a.: to turn (anything) away from, followed by an abl. with or without a prep., 1.38, et al.; turn or drive away, 1.472, et al.; transfer, with acc. of place, 4.106; drive away, end, 4.547; neut. by omission of se, to turn away, 1.402; (pass.), avertī, as middle or dep., with acc., to be averse to; to shun, loathe.

    īnscius, a, um: not knowing; unaware, unwitting, ignorant, 1.718; amazed, bewildered, 2.307; w. gen., ignorant of, 12.648.

    indīgnus, a, um: (adj.), unworthy; unmeet, unjust, 10.74; disgraceful, shameful, revolting, cruel, 2.285; once with gen., 12.649; n. pl. subst., indīgna, ōrum, indignities, 12.811.

    avus, ī, m.: a grandfather, grandsire, 2.457; sire, father, ancestor, 6.840.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ar/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xii-614-649