Aetheriā tum forte plagā crīnītus Apollō

dēsuper Ausoniās aciēs urbemque vidēbat

nūbe sedēns, atque hīs victōrem adfātur Iūlum:640

'Macte novā virtūte, puer, sīc ītur ad astra,

dīs genite et genitūre deōs. Iūre omnia bella

gente sub Assaracī fātō ventūra resīdent,

nec tē Trōia capit.' Simul haec effātus ab altō

aethere sē mittit, spīrantīs dīmovet aurās645

Ascaniumque petit; forma tum vertitur ōris

antīquum in Būtēn. hīc Dardaniō Anchīsae

armiger ante fuit fīdusque ad līmina cūstōs;

tum comitem Ascaniō pater addidit. Ībat Apollō

omnia longaevō similis vōcemque colōremque650

et crīnīs albōs et saeva sonōribus arma,

atque hīs ārdentem dictīs adfātur Iūlum:

'Sit satis, Aenīdē, tēlīs impūne Numānum

oppetiisse tuīs. Prīmam hanc tibi māgnus Apollō

concēdit laudem et paribus nōn invidet armīs;655

cētera parce, puer, bellō.' Sīc ōrsus Apollō

mortālīs mediō aspectūs sermōne relīquit

et procul in tenuem ex oculīs ēvānuit auram.

Agnōvēre deum procerēs dīvīnaque tēla

Dardanidae pharetramque fugā sēnsēre sonantem.660

Ergō avidum pūgnae dictīs ac nūmine Phoebī

Ascanium prohibent, ipsī in certāmina rūrsus

succēdunt animāsque in aperta perīcula mittunt.

It clāmor tōtīs per prōpūgnācula mūrīs,

intendunt ācrīs arcūs amentaque torquent.665

Sternitur omne solum tēlīs, tum scūta cavaeque

dant sonitum flīctū galeae, pūgna aspera surgit:

quantus ab occāsū veniēns pluviālibus Haedīs

verberat imber humum, quam multā grandine nimbī

in vada praecipitant, cum Iuppiter horridus Austrīs670

torquet aquōsam hiemem et caelō cava nūbila rumpit.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    aetherius, a, um: adj. (aethēr), pertaining to the upper air; ethereal, heavenly, 1.394, et al.; airy, 8.608.

    plāga, ae, f.: a blow, wound; lash, whip, 7.383.

    crīnītus, a, um: adj. (crīnis), long-haired, 1.740.

    Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

    dēsuper: (adv.), from above; above, 1.165.

    Ausonius, a, um: adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

    nūbēs, is, f.: a cloud, 1.516, et al.; storm, 10.809; the air, 12.856; (fig.), flock, multitude, 7.705.

    adfor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a.: to speak to; address, 1.663; beseech, supplicate, 2.700; bid adieu, farewell to, 2.644.

    Iūlus, ī, m.: Iulus or Ascanius, son of Aeneas, 1.267, et freq.

    māctus, a, um: (adj.), only used in nom. and vocat., honored; voc., mācte, well done! go on! 9.641.

    iūre: (adv.), with right, justly, 9.642. (iūs, iūris, n.)

    Assaracus, ī, m.: Assaracus, a king of Phrygia, son of Tros, brother of Ganymede and Ilus, and grandfather of Anchises, 1.284; Assaracī, ōrum, m. the Assaraci, two Trojan heroes, 10.124.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    resīdō, sēdī, 3, n.: to sit or settle down; seat one's self, 1.506; settle, take up one's abode, 5.702; retreat, 9.539; sink, subside, 7.27; come to an end, 9.643; of passion, become quiet, calm, subside, 6.407.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    effor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to speak forth; speak, say, 6.560. (ex and for)

    spīrō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to breathe, blow, 5.844; palpitate, 4.64; pant; breathe heavily, 7.510; heave, boil, 10.291; of odors, breathe forth, exhale, emit; w. acc., 1.404; p., spīrāns, antis, lifelike, breathing, 6.847.

    dīmoveō, mōvī, mōtus, 2, a.: to move apart or away; remove, dispel, 3.589; divide, 5.839.

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    Būtēs, ae, m.: 1. A descendant of Amycus, king of Bebrycia, 5.372. 2. A Trojan, attendant of Ascanius, 9.647. 3. A Trojan, 11.690.

    Dardanius, a, um: adj. (Dardanus), Dardanian, Trojan, 5.711; subst., Dardanius, iī, m., the Dardanian; the Trojan, 12.14.

    Anchīsēs, ae, m.: son of Capys and Themis, and father of Aeneas by Venus, 2.687, et al.

    armiger, erī, m.: an armor bearer, 2.477; armiger Iovis, the eagle as the bearer of the thunderbolts of Jupiter; Jove’s armor bearer, 9.564. (arma and gerō)

    fīdus, a, um: adj. (fīdō), trustworthy, faithful, trusty, 1.188; safe, secure, hospitable, 5.24; w. gen., tuī fīdissima, most faithful to thee, 12.659.

    longaevus, a, um: adj. (longus and aevum), of advanced age; aged, 2.525, et al.

    crīnis, is, m.: the hair, 1.480; train of meteors, 5.528; (often in the pl.), the hairs of the head, the hair.

    sonor, ōris, m.: a noise, sound; clash, clang, din, 9.651. (sonō)

    ārdēns, entis: burning, hot, sparkling, flaming, 5.637; bright, 4.482; impassioned, ardent, eager, 1.423; spirited, fiery, 1.472; glowing, lofty, 6.130; fierce, furious, 2.529; angry, 6.467. (ardeo)

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    Aenīdēs, ae, m.: a son of Aeneus or Aeneas; Iulus, 9.653. (Aeneus, a collat. form of Aenēās)

    impūne: (adv.), without punishment or retribution; with impunity, 3.628; without harm, 12.559. (impūnis, unpunished)

    Numānus, ī, m.: Numanus or Remulus, a Rutulian slain by Ascanius, 9.592.

    oppetō, petīvī or petiī, petītus, 3, a.: to encounter; with or without mortem, to die, fall, perish, 1.96. (ob and petō)

    concēdō, essī, essus, 3, a. and n.: to retire; come away, come, 2.523; go away, depart, 2.91; subside, come to an end, terminate, 8.41; allow, yield, grant, concede, 5.798; give up to, abandon, 7.305.

    pār, paris: (adj.), equal, 1.705; like, 2.794; equal, well-poised, steady, 4.252; side by side, 5.580; well-matched, 5.114.

    invideō, vīdī, vīsus, 2, n. and a.: to look into; to look at with dislike; begrudge, envy, 4.234, et al.; withhold, deny.

    ōrdior, ōrsus sum, 4, dep. a. and n.: to weave, spin; to begin; begin to speak; begin, 1.325.

    aspectus, ūs, m.: a looking at; (meton.), that which is looked at; a vision, 9.657; a view, sight, 4.314; appearance, presence, 1.613. (aspiciō)

    tenuis, e: adj. (cf. tendō), stretched out; slender, thin, 4.278; light, 3.448; little, 10.511; airy, ethereal, 6.292; delicate, fine, 4.264; scanty, yielding a scanty livelihood, 8.409; reduced, perishing, sinking, 5.690; simple, trivial, humble.

    ēvānēscō, vānuī, 3, inc. n.: to disappear, vanish, 4.278.

    adgnoscō, nōvī, nitus, 3, a.: to recognize, 1.470.

    procer, eris, m.: a chief, noble; pl., procerēs, um, elders, nobles, princes, 1.740. (in the sing. found only in the acc.)

    dīvīnus, a, um: adj. (dīvus), relating to the gods; heaven-descended, divine, 5.47; heavenly, 1.403; inspired, prophetic, 3.373.

    Dardanidēs, ae, m.: a son or descendant of Dardanus; Aeneas, 10.545; pl., Dardanidae, ārum (um), the Trojans, 1.560, et al.; adj., Dardanian, Trojan, 2.59.

    pharetra, ae, f.: a quiver, 1.323, et al.

    avidus, a, um: adj. (aveō, desire), longing, eager, 1.514; eagerly, quickly, 6.210; with longing, 3.132; eager for destruction, devouring, destructive, baneful; with infin., 12.290; with gen., eagerly, desirous of, eager for, 9.661.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    Phoebus, ī, m.: Phoebus or Apollo, 1.329, et al.

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    aperiō, uī, tus, 4, a.: to uncover, lay bare, 1.107; throw open, open, 2.60; disclose to the view, 3.206; disclose, reveal, 6.12; (pass.), aperīrī, to appear, 8.681; p., apertus, a, um, opened, 8.585; unguarded, 11.748; adj., open, 1.155; clear, pure, 1.587. (ab and root par, whence pariō)

    prōpūgnāculum, ī, n.: a defense, rampart, fortification, bulwark, 4.87. (prōpūgnō, defend)

    arcus, ūs, m.: a bow, 5.500, et al.; the rainbow, 5.88.

    āmentum, ī, n.: a thong attached to the shaft of a javelin or other missile; (meton.), a javelin with the amentum, 9.665.

    torqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to wind, turn, twist, 4.575; roll along, 6.551; whirl, hurl, 3.208; shoot, 5.497; cast, dash, 1.108; direct, 4.220; turn away, 6.547; turn, cause to revolve, 4.269; control, 12.180; p., tortus, a, um, whirled, whirling, impetuous, 7.567.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

    scūtum, ī, n.: an oblong shield carried by the Roman legionary; a shield in general, 1.101, et al. (σκύτος, hide)

    cavus, a, um: (adj.), hollow, 1.81; concave, 8.599; arching, vaulted, 2.487; cavae manūs, the palms of the hands, 12.86.

    sonitus, ūs, m.: a sounding; noise, 2.732, et al.; roaring, 2.209; thunder, 6.586. (sonō)

    flīctus, ūs, m.: a striking, dashing, collision, stroke, 9.667. (flīgō)

    galea, ae, f.: a helmet, either of leather or of metal, 3.468, et al.

    asper, era, erum: (adj.), rough, 2.379; rugged, craggy, jagged, 6.360; chased, embossed, 5.267; (fig.), of the weather, stormy, 2.110; of temperament, spirit, or nature, barbarous, 5.730; formidable, fierce, 1.14; full of strife, warlike, 1.291; cruel, stern, 6.882; angry, 1.279; bitter, 2.96; displeased, 8.365.

    occāsus, ūs, m.: a going down; setting; the west, 11.317; fall, ruin, destruction, 1.238. (1. occidō)

    pluviālis, e: adj. (pluvia), causing rain; rainy, 9.668.

    haedus, ī, m.: a kid; Haedī, ōrum, m., the constellation of the Kids in the hand of Auriga, whose rising portends storms.

    verberō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to lash, beat, strike, 3.423, et al. (verber)

    imber, imbris, m.: a rain-storm; shower, 1.743, et al.; rain-cloud, 3.194; of sea-water, flood, 1.123; hail, 8.429.

    multa, ōrum, n.: many things, fortunes, hardships, etc., 1.750; (compar.) plūra, more things, words; more, 1.385, et al.; (superl.) plūrima, very many, many things, 4.333.

    grandō, inis, f.: hail, 4.120, et al.

    nimbus, ī, m.: a violent rain; storm, tempest, 1.51; a black cloud, thunder-cloud, cloud, 3.587; a bright cloud; the nimbus surrounding a god, 2.616; cloud of smoke, 5.666; a multitude, 7.793.

    vadum, ī, n.: a ford; a shallow, shoal, 1.112; sand-bank, 10.303; shallow water, 11.628; bottom, depth, 1.126; water, tide, stream, 6.320; water of the sea, 5.158; wave, sea, 7.198.

    praecipitō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to cast headlong, hurl, plunge, 2.37; urge, hurry, hasten; impel, incite, 2.317; break off, end swiftly, 12.699; hasten away, 4.565; n. (sc. sē), fall headlong, 6.351; descend swiftly, 2.9; run down, 4.251. (praeceps)

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    horridus, a, um: adj. (horreō), rough, bristling, 3.23, et al.; bristling with arms; shaggy, grizzly, stiffened, 4.251; blustering, tempestuous, 9.670; terrible, fearful, 1.296.

    Auster, trī, m.: the southerly or south wind, opposite to Aquilo; wind in general, 3.70; (meton.), the south.

    aquōsus, a, um: adj. (aqua), abounding in water, bringing rain; watery, rainy, 4.52.

    nūbilus, a, um: adj. (nūbēs), cloudy; subst., nūbilum, ī, cloudy weather; pl., nūbila, ōrum, clouds, 3.586.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ar/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-ix-638-671