Talibus orabat Iuno, cunctique fremebant

caelicolae adsensu uario, ceu flamina prima

cum deprensa fremunt siluis et caeca uolutant

murmura uenturos nautis prodentia uentos.

tum pater omnipotens, rerum cui prima potestas,100

infit (eo dicente deum domus alta silescit

et tremefacta solo tellus, silet arduus aether,

tum Zephyri posuere, premit placida aequora pontus):

'accipite ergo animis atque haec mea figite dicta.

quandoquidem Ausonios coniungi foedere Teucris105

haud licitum, nec uestra capit discordia finem,

quae cuique est fortuna hodie, quam quisque secat spem,

Tros Rutulusne fuat, nullo discrimine habebo,

seu fatis Italum castra obsidione tenentur

siue errore malo Troiae monitisque sinistris.110

nec Rutulos soluo. sua cuique exorsa laborem

fortunamque ferent. rex Iuppiter omnibus idem.

fata uiam inuenient.' Stygii per flumina fratris,

per pice torrentis atraque uoragine ripas

adnuit et totum nutu tremefecit Olympum.115

hic finis fandi. solio tum Iuppiter aureo

surgit, caelicolae medium quem ad limina ducunt.

Interea Rutuli portis circum omnibus instant

sternere caede uiros et moenia cingere flammis.

at legio Aeneadum uallis obsessa tenetur120

nec spes ulla fugae. miseri stant turribus altis

nequiquam et rara muros cinxere corona

Asius Imbrasides Hicetaoniusque Thymoetes

Assaracique duo et senior cum Castore Thymbris,

prima acies; hos germani Sarpedonis ambo125

et Clarus et Thaemon Lycia comitantur ab alta.

fert ingens toto conixus corpore saxum,

haud partem exiguam montis, Lyrnesius Acmon,

nec Clytio genitore minor nec fratre Menestheo.

hi iaculis, illi certant defendere saxis130

molirique ignem neruoque aptare sagittas.

ipse inter medios, Veneris iustissima cura,

Dardanius caput, ecce, puer detectus honestum,

qualis gemma micat fuluum quae diuidit aurum,

aut collo decus aut capiti, uel quale per artem135

inclusum buxo aut Oricia terebintho

lucet ebur; fusos ceruix cui lactea crinis

accipit et molli subnectens circulus auro.

te quoque magnanimae uiderunt, Ismare, gentes

uulnera derigere et calamos armare ueneno,140

Maeonia generose domo, ubi pinguia culta

exercentque uiri Pactolusque inrigat auro.

adfuit et Mnestheus, quem pulsi pristina Turni

aggere murorum sublimem gloria tollit,

et Capys: hinc nomen Campanae ducitur urbi.145

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Iūnō, ōnis, f.: Juno, the Sabine and Roman name for the wife and sister of Jupiter, daughter of Saturn, 1.4, et al.; Iūnō īnferna, the Juno of the lower world, Proserpine, 6.138.

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    caelicola, ae, c.: an inhabitant of heaven; a god, 2.641, et al. (caelum and colō)

    adsēnsus, ūs, m.: an assenting; answering sound, response, echo, applause, 10.97. (adsentiō)

    ceu: (adv. and conj.), as, just as, 5.88; as if, 2.438, et al. (ce-ve)

    flāmen, inis, n.: a blowing; blast, gale, breeze, wind, 4.241. (flō, blow)

    dēprēndō, prēndī, prēnsus, 3, a.: to catch, surprise, overtake, 5.52; intercept, 10.98.

    volūtō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to roll about; to roll back, reëcho, 5.149; roll or send through, make resound, 1.725; of thought, turn over, ponder, think over; meditate, 1.50; with ellipsis of the acc., 4.533; n., fall prostrate, 3.607. (volvō)

    murmur, uris, n.: a murmur, 6.709; uproar, 1.124; roaring, reverberation, 1.55; acclamation, applause, 5.369; thunder, 4.160.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    nauta, ae, m.: a boatman, ferryman, 6.315; sailor, mariner, 3.207. (nāvis)

    omnipotēns, entis: adj. (omnis and potēns), all-powerful, almighty, 1.60; supreme, sovereign, 10.1; subst., The Almighty, 4.220.

    īnfit, irreg. def.: one begins; he begins to speak, 5.708, et al.

    silēscō, 3, inc. n.: to become still, 10.101. (sileō)

    tremefaciō, fēcī, factus, 3, a.: to cause to tremble or quake; to shake, 9.106; make to tremble with fear; cause to tremble, 6.803; p., tremefactus, a, um, trembling, 2.382; 10.102; quivering, 2.629. (tremō and faciō)

    solum, ī, n.: the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground, 1.367, et al.; land, 3.698; foundation, 10.102; the water beneath a ship, as its support; the water, sea, 5.199; support, table, 7.111.

    sileō, uī, 2, n. and a.: to be, keep, remain silent, 2.126; be hushed, calm, still, 1.164; w. acc., to pass over in silence; leave unmentioned, unsung, 10.793.

    arduus, a, um: (adj.), steep; erect, high, raised high, 2.475; 5.480; lofty, towering, 2.328; rearing, 11.638.

    Zephyrus, ī, m.: Zephyrus or Favonius, the god of the west wind, 2.417, et al.; west wind, 4.562; wind, 10.103.

    placidus, a, um: adj. (placeō), gentle, calm, tranquil, peaceful, serene, 5.848; inactive, idle, 9.187; friendly, propitious, 3.266; (adv.), placidē, gently, softly, quietly, calmly, 5.86.

    fīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fix or fasten; freq., the object in or on which, in the abl., 1.212; abl. w. prep., 6.636; acc. w. prep., 9.408; fasten up, suspend from, 3.287; hang up, 1.248; set up, establish, make, 6.622; transfix, pierce, 5.516; hurl (fix by hurling), 10.883; wound, 10.343; inscribe, 11.84.

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    quandōquidem: (conj.), since indeed; inasmuch as, because.

    Ausonius, a, um: adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

    coniungō, iūnxī, iūnctus, 3, a.: to join together, clasp, 1.514; fasten, moor, 10.653; unite, ally, associate, 5.712.

    foedus, eris, n.: a treaty, league, alliance, freq., truce, 5.496; side or party, 12.658; covenant, contract, 4.339; laws of hospitality, hospitality, 10.91; pledge, love, 4.520; law, term, condition, rule, 1.62. (rel. to fīdō, trust)

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    discordia, ae, f.: difference in feeling, or mind; dissension, strife; personified, Discord or Eris, 6.280. (discors)

    quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.

    quisque, quaeque, quodque or (subst.) quidque or quicque: (indef. pron.), each, every; each one, every one, everything, 2.130, et al.; in apposition w. pl., 6.743.

    secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

    Trōs, ōis, m.: Trojan, 6.52, et al. (Tros, one of the kings of Troy)

    Rutulus, ī, m.: a Rutulian; Turnus, 7.409; for the pl., the Rutulians, 8.474.

    discrīmen, inis, n.: a separating interval, space, 5.154; separation, division, 10.382; distance, 3.685; difference, distinction, 1.574; variation, division, of sound; note, 6.646; crisis, danger, peril, 1.204; pl., difference, 10.529. (discernō)

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    obsidiō, ōnis, f.: a blockade or siege, 3.52. (obsideō)

    sīve or seu: (conj.), or if, freq.; or, 5.69; elliptical, 11.327; sīve (seu) — sīve (seu), whether — or, 1.569, 570; either — or, 4.240, 241.

    malus, a, um: (adj.), bad; noxious, baneful, poisonous, 2.471; morally, hostile, 3.398; evil, wicked, impious, 1.352; ill-boding; subst., malus, ī, m., a wicked man or person; pl., the wicked, 6.542; comp., pēior, ius, worse.

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    monitum, ī, n.: an admonition; counsel; advice, warning, 4.331; command, 8.336; influence, 10.689. (moneō)

    sinister, tra, trum: (adj.), left, 7.689; on the left side or left hand, 6.548; (fig.), wrong-headed, perverse, 11.347; adverse, inauspicious, unlucky, ill-boding.

    Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.

    exōrsum, ī, n.: a thing begun or undertaken; enterprise, action, 10.111. (exōrdior)

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    Stygius, a, um: adj. (Styx), pertaining to the Styx; of Hades; Stygian, 4.638, et al.

    pix, picis, f.: pitch.

    torreō, uī, tostus, 2, a. and n.: to burn, scorch, roast, parch, 1.179; rush, roll, 6.550; of a river bank, 9.105; p., torrēns, entis, subst., a torrent, 7.567.

    āter, tra, trum: (adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.

    vorāgō, inis, f.: a chasm, abyss, gulf, whirlpool, 6.296; torrent, 9.105. (vorō)

    adnuō, nuī (ūtus, rare), 3, a. and n.: to nod to; with dat., acc. and dat., and infin.; ascent, consent, 4.128; promise, 1.250; direct, permit, 11.20.

    nūtus, ūs, m.: a nod, 9.106; will, decree, command, pleasure, 7.592. (nuō, nod)

    Olympus, ī, m.: Olympus, the name of several mountains in Greece and Asia Minor, the most famous of which was Mount Olympus in the northeastern part of Thessaly; the home of the superior gods; heaven, Olympus, 1.374; referring to the gods, 8.533.

    solium, iī, n.: a seat, 8.178; throne, 1.506.

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

    īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    Aeneadēs, ae, m.: a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

    vāllum, ī: a rampart, breastwork, or fort with palisades, 9.524.

    obsideō, sēdī, sessus, 2, n. and a.: to sit in or on; abide; hold, occupy, 3.421; besiege, beset, 2.441; throng, 12.133; obstruct, fill up, choke. (ob and sedeō)

    turris, is, f.: a tower, 2.445, et al.

    nēquīquam: (adv.), in vain, to no purpose, 2.515.

    corōna, ae, f.: a crown, 1.655; wreath, garland, 3.525; a crowd or throng; a circle of defenders on a rampart; a garrison, 9.508; a circle or crowd of assailants, 9.551.

    Āsius, iī, m.: a Trojan warrior, 10.123.

    Imbrasidēs, ae, m.: the son of Imbrasus; Asius, a Lycian follower of Aeneas, 10.123.

    Hicetāonius, a, um: adj. (Hicetāon), of Hicetaon; the son of Hicetaon, 10.123.

    Thymoetēs, ae, m.: a Trojan, 2.32, et al.

    Assaracus, ī, m.: Assaracus, a king of Phrygia, son of Tros, brother of Ganymede and Ilus, and grandfather of Anchises, 1.284; Assaracī, ōrum, m. the Assaraci, two Trojan heroes, 10.124.

    senex, senis: (adj.), old, aged, hoary, 7.180; (comp.) senior, ōris, older; very aged, 5.179; hoary, 5.704.

    Castor, oris, m.: a Trojan warrior, 10.124.

    Thymbris, idis, m.: a Trojan, 10.124.

    germānus, a, um: (adj.), of the same parentage; particularly, of the same father; own; subst., germānus, ī, m., own brother; brother, 1.341, et al.; germāna, ae, f., own sister; sister, 4.478.

    Sarpēdōn, onis, m.: Sarpedon, son of Jupiter and Europa, killed at the siege of Troy by Patroclus, 1.100, et al.

    ambō, ae, ō: (adj.), both, 1.458.

    Clārus, ī, m.: Clarus, a Lycian follower of Aeneas, 10.126.

    Thaemōn, ōnis, m.: a Lycian, follower of Aeneas, 10.126.

    Lycia, ae, f.: a country on the S.W. coast of Asia Minor, 4.143.

    comitor, ātus sum, 1. dep. a.: to accompany, attend, follow, 3.660; p., comitātus, a, um, attended, accompanied, 1.312, et al. (comes)

    cōnītor, nīxus or nīsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to lean or brace one’s self against; struggle, strive, put forth all one’s strength, 5.264; strain every nerve, 9.769.

    exiguus, a, um: adj. (exigō), minute, scanty, little; insignificant, small, 4.212; few, 5.754; thin, slender, feeble, 6.493.

    Lyrnēsius, a, um: adj. (Lyrnēsus), of Lyrnesus; Lyrnesian, 10.128.

    Acmōn, onis, m.: a Trojan, 10.128.

    Clytius, iī, m.: the name of several Trojans, 9.774; 10.129, etc.

    genitor, ōris, m.: he who begets; father, sire, 1.155, et al. (gignō)

    Mnestheus, and Menestheus, eī and eos, m.: Mnestheus, one of the Trojan chiefs under Aeneas, 5.117; 10.129, et al.

    iaculum, ī, n.: a thing hurled; a spear, dart, or javelin, 3.46, et al. (iaciō)

    mōlior, ītus sum, 4, dep. a. and n.: to pile up; build, erect, construct, 1.424; plan, undertake, attempt, 2.109; pursue, 6.477; cleave, 10.477; contrive, devise, 1.564; occasion, 1.414; prepare, equip, 4.309; arrange, adjust, 12.327; of missiles, discharge, hurl, 10.131. (mōlēs)

    nervus, ī, m.: a nerve; sinew, tendon, 10.341; bow-string, 5.502; string of the lyre, 9.776.

    aptō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to fit, join, or fasten to; with acc. and dat., 8.721; put on, 2.390; get ready, prepare, 10.259; fit out, prepare, 1.552; with abl. of manner, 8.80. (aptus)

    sagitta, ae, f.: an arrow, 1.187, et al.

    Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

    Dardanius, a, um: adj. (Dardanus), Dardanian, Trojan, 5.711; subst., Dardanius, iī, m., the Dardanian; the Trojan, 12.14.

    dētegō, tēxī, tēctus, 3, a.: to uncover, 10.133; lay bare, expose to view, 8.241.

    gemma, ae, f.: a bud, precious stone, gem, 1.655, et al.

    micō, micuī, 1, n.: to vibrate, dart, 2.475; flash, glitter, gleam, 1.90; tremble, quiver, 10.396.

    fulvus, a, um: (adj.), reddish or tawny yellow; yellow, 5.374; tawny, 2.722; brown, 11.751; glowing, bright, 12.792.

    collum, ī, n.: the neck of men and animals, 1.654, et al.; of a plant, 9.436; pl., the neck, 11.692.

    inclūdō, clūsī, clūsus, 3, a.: to shut in, inclose, 6.680; secrete, 2.19; for interclūdō, stop, choke, 7.534; to mount, set, inlay, adorn, 12.211. (1. in and claudō)

    buxus, ī, f.: the box tree; (meton.), a flute or pipe, 9.619.

    Ōricius, a, um: adj. (Ōricus), of Oricus or Oricum, a seaport of Epirus; Orician, 10.136.

    terebinthus, ī, f.: the turpentine tree; a kind of ebony, 10.136.

    lūceō, lūxī, 2, n.: to shine, beam, gleam, glisten, 10.137, et al.; to be exposed to view, show, 11.693.

    ebur, oris, n.: ivory, 1.592.

    cervīx, īcis, f.: the neck, including the back or nape of the neck, 1.477, et al.

    lacteus, a, um: adj. (lac), milky, full of milk; milk-white, 8.660.

    crīnis, is, m.: the hair, 1.480; train of meteors, 5.528; (often in the pl.), the hairs of the head, the hair.

    subnectō, nexuī, nexus, 3, a.: to tie beneath; to bind under, 1.492; bind, fasten, 4.139; tie or bind up, 10.138.

    circulus, ī, m.: a circle or orbit; ring; chain, torques, collar, 5.559. (circus)

    māgnanimus, a, um: adj. (māgnus and animus), possessing a great soul; noble-minded; great, generous, noble, 5.17; brave, 10.139; mighty, 12.144; of animals, high-spirited, highbred, 3.704.

    Ismarus, ī, m.: a Maeonian, follower of Aeneas, 10.139.

    dērigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to lay straight, bring into a definite line; to aim, direct, 1.401, et al. (dē and regō)

    calamus, ī, m.: a reed or cane; an arrow, 10.140.

    armō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to equip with arms; arm, equip, 2.395, et al.; fit out, make ready, prepare, 4.299; (fig.), imbue, charge, 9.773; p., armātus, a, um, armed, charged, 12.857; subst., armātī, ōrum, m., armed men, warriors, 2.485. (arma)

    venēnum, ī, n.: a poisonous drug; poison, venom, 2.221; a charm, drug, 7.190; poison of love, 1.688.

    Maeonius, a, um: (adj.), of Maeonia; Maeonian, Lydian, 4.216, et al.

    generōsus, a, um: adj. (genus), of high lineage, noble-blooded, generous, renowned, famed, 10.174.

    pinguis, e: (adj.), fat, 1.215; well-fed, 1.635; fertile; reeking, 4.62; fat or rich with victims, 9.585.

    culta, ōrum, n.: plowed fields; fields.

    Pactōlus, ī, m.: a river of Lydia which was said to wash down golden sand, 10.142.

    inrigō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to water; (fig.), diffuse, 1.692; pervade, 3.511.

    adsum, adfuī, esse, irreg. n.: to be near or by; to be present, at hand, or here, 1.595; to have arrived, 2.132; to be with, attend, 2.701; aid, accompany, 10.547; be propitious, 3.116; to beset, 2.330; inf., adfore, to be about to come, destined to come, 7.270. (imp. subj., adforem, -ēs, -et, -ent)

    prīstinus, a, um: (adj.), primitive, pristine, former, 6.473; recent, 10.143; subst., prīstina, ōrum, n., former, first condition, 12.424.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    agger, eris, m.: materials gathered to form an elevation; a heap of earth or stones, dike, embankment, bank, 1.112; 2.496; heap of earth, 9.567; top, summit, ridge, raised surface, 5.44, 273; a rampart, 9.769, et al.; a height or rising ground, 12.446; aggerēs, mountains, mountain ramparts, 6.830. (aggerō)

    sublīmis, e: (adj.), raised up, elevated, uplifted, 11.602; aloft; on high, 1.259; through the air, 1.415; on high, 6.720; to heaven, 5.255; of lofty soul, 12.788; (adv.), sublīme, loftily, aloft, on high, 10.664.

    Capys, yos or yis, m.: 1. The commander of one of the ships of Aeneas, 1.183. 2. The eighth king of Alba, 6.768.

    Campānus, a, um: adj. (Campānia), of Campania, the country lying on the bay of Naples; Campanian, 10.145.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ar/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-x-96-145