Vergil, Aeneid VIII 671-728

CORE VOCABULARY

tumidus, a, um: adj. (tumeō), swollen, 1.142; distended, 10.387; elated, 9.596; incensed, angry, 6.407; causing to swell, swelling, 3.357.

lātē: (adv.), widely; far and wide, 1.21; on all sides, far around, 1.163; all over, 12.308. (lātus)

spūmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

caerulus, a, um: (adj.), dark blue, 2.381; sea-colored, azure, 5.819; dark; black, 3.64; subst., caerula, ōrum, n., the dark blue waters; the sea, 3.208.

cānus, a, um: (adj.), white, of the hair and beard; whitened, hoary, of frost and cold; of the sea, foaming, hoary, 8.672; gray-haired, venerable; hoary, 1.292.

circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

delphīn, īnis, and delphīnus, ī, m.: a dolphin, 3.428, et al.

verrō, no perf., versus, 3, a.: to sweep; snatch, bear, sweep away, 1.59; sweep over, 3.208.

cauda, ae, f.: the tail, 3.428, et al.

aestus, ūs, m.: glowing heat; summer; a boiling; a billowy motion; waves of flame, flames, 2.706; wave, surge, 1.107; tide, sea, flood, 3.419; tide (of feeling), agitation, 4.532.

secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.

medium, iī, n.: medium, iī, n., the middle, midst, 2.218; the intervening space, 6.131; ad medium, in the middle of the body, 12.273; in medium, into the midst, in public; before them, 5.401; for the common weal, 11.335.

aerātus, a, um: adj. (aes), furnished with copper, bronze; made of bronze, 2.481; bronze-covered; with brazen prow, 8.675; armed with bronze; armed, 7.703.

Actius, a, um: adj. (poet. for Actiacus, from Actium), pertaining to Actium, a promontory and town of Epirus, celebrated as the scene of the decisive victory of Augustus over Antony and Cleopatra, in B.C. 31; Actian, 3.280.

tōtus, a, um: (adj.), the whole, total, entire, 1.128, et al.; tōtō corpore, with all one's strength, 12.920.

īnstruō, strūxi, strūctus, 3, n.: to build upon; build up; arrange, draw up ships or troops, 2.254; 8.676; prepare, 1.638; furnish, equip, supply, 3.231; support, 6.831; instruct, train, 2.152.

Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

ferveō, ferbuī, 2, n., and fervō, fervī, 3, n.: to boil; (fig.), to blaze, be bright, 4.567; flash, 8.677; glow, 11.195; stir, be alive, teeming, 4.407; move, speed on, 1.436; rage, 9.693.

Leucātēs, ae, m.: Leucata, a promontory of the island of Leucadia, off the coast of Acarnania, 3.274.

effulgeō, and effulgō, fulsī, 2, and 3, n.: to shine forth or brightly; be effulgent, 2.616; 8.677; glitter, be distinguished, conspicuous, 5.133. (ex and fulgeō)

augustus, a, um: (adj.), venerable, 7.153; the surname given to Octavius Caesar by the senate, B.C. 27, and, after him, to the emperors generally, 6.792.

Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

Caesar, aris, m.: a surname of the Julian gens, esp. Gaius Iulius Caesar, dictator and founder of the Roman Empire. His name was inherited by his nephew and adopted son Octavius and his successors; Augustus Caesar, 1.286; 6.792.

Penātēs, ium, m.: gods of the household; hearth-, fireside gods, 2.514, et al.; tutelary gods of the state as a national family, 1.68; (fig.), fireside, hearth, dwelling-house, abode, 1.527. (penus)

celsus, a, um: adj. (cellō, rise), high, lofty, 1.56, et al.

puppis, is, f.: the hinder part of a ship; the stern, 5.12; (by synecdoche), a vessel, boat, ship, 1.69; (meton.), crew, 8.497.

geminus, a, um: (adj.), twin, 1.274, et al.; twofold, 6.203; double, two, 4.470; pl., geminī, ae, a, twin, 2.500; two, 1.162.

tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

vomō, uī, itus, 3, a.: to vomit; belch, vomit forth, 5.682.

patrius, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to one's father or ancestors; a father's, 2.658; paternal, natural to a father, 1.643; exacted by a father, 7.766; due to, felt for a father or parent, 9.294; ancestral, hereditary, 3.249; of one's country, native, 3.281; belonging to the nation, of the country, 11.374.

vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

Agrippa, ae, m.: Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, one of the confidential counselors of Augustus, and his principal military commander, 8.682.

arduus, a, um: (adj.), steep; erect, high, raised high, 2.475; 5.480; lofty, towering, 2.328; rearing, 11.638.

īnsīgne, is, n.: a distinguishing mark; symbol, ensign, 10.188; trophy, 12.944; pl., īnsīgnia, ium, distinctive arms, tokens, 2.339; royal ensigns or insignia, 8.506; trappings, 11.89.

nāvālis, e: adj. (nāvis), pertaining to ships; naval, 5.493; subst., nāvālia, ium, n., dock, docks, dockyard, naval arsenal, 4.593; naval equipments, 11.329.

fulgeō, fulsī, 2, and fulgō, 3, n.: to shine brightly; flash, gleam, glance, 5.562.

rōstrātus, a, um: adj. (rōstrum), beaked; adorned with beaks, 8.684.

corōna, ae, f.: a crown, 1.655; wreath, garland, 3.525; a crowd or throng; a circle of defenders on a rampart; a garrison, 9.508; a circle or crowd of assailants, 9.551.

barbaricus, a, um: (adj.), foreign, barbaric, 2.504.

Antōnius, iī, m.: M. Antonius, the Triumvir, 8.685.

aurōra, ae, f.: the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

ruber, bra, brum: adj. (rubeō), red, ruddy, 12.247; lītore rubrō, shore of the Mare Rubrum or Persian Gulf, 8.686.

Aegyptos (-tus), ī, f.: Egypt.

Oriēns, entis, m.: the rising; morning, morn, 5.42; the east, 1.289; the rising sun, 5.739.

Bactra, ōrum, n, pl.: Bactra, the chief city of Bactria, 8.688.

Aegyptius, a, um: adj. (Aegyptos), Egyptian, 8.688.

ūnā: (adv.), in one place or at one time, together with, at once, at the same time, 3.634, et al.; with -que following, 11.864.

ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

redūcō, dūxī, ductus, 3, a.: to lead, bring back; restore, 1.143; return, 9.257; draw back, 5.478; rescue, 4.375.

convellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull violently; pluck, tear, pull up, 3.24; wrench forth, 12.774; cut off, 6.148; p., convulsus, a, um, rent, shattered, 1.383; convulsed, 5.143.

rēmus, ī, m.: originally steering-oar; an oar, 1.104.

rōstrum, ī: a bill, beak, 6.597; the beak of a ship, 5.143; pl., Rōstra, ōrum, n., the platform or tribunal for magistrates and orators in the Roman forum, so called because adorned with the beaks of the captured ships of Antium; the Rostra. (rōdō, gnaw)

tridēns, entis: adj. (trēs and dēns), three-pronged, trident, 5.143; subst., tridēns, entis, m., a triple-pointed spear; trident, 1.138.

altum, ī, n.: the deep; the lofty; the deep sea, the main, the deep, 1.3; the sky, heaven, air, 1.297; from far, far-fetched, remote, 8.395. (altus)

pelagus, ī, n.: the sea; open sea, main, 1.138; flood, 1.246.

innō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to swim upon or over, 8.691; swim, 10.222; (w. acc.), sail over, 6.134; swim, pass by swimming.

revellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to pull back; pluck out, tear out or off, 4.515; rend, rip, tear open, 12.98; snatch, bring away, rescue, 4.545; disturb, violate, 4.427.

Cyclades, um, f.: the Cyclades, the islands grouped around Delos in the Aegean Sea, 3.127.

concurrō, currī (rarely cucurrī), cursus, 3, n.: to run together or at once; crowd around, 12.297; rush, 2.315; rush to conflict, 7.224; rush against a foe; (with dat.), engage, encounter, 1.493.

mōlēs, is, f.: a cumbrous mass; a heavy pile or fabric; mound, rampart, 9.35; dike, 2.497; a mass of buildings, vast buildings, 1.421; structure, 11.130; frame or figure, 2.32; bulk, 5.118; weight, 7.589; pile, mass, 1.61; gigantic frame, 5.431; warlike engine, siege tower, 5.439; array, pomp, train, 12.161; body of soldiers, phalanx, 12.575; heavy storm, tempest, 5.790; toil, work, labor, 1.33.

turrītus, a, um: adj. (turris), turreted, 8.693; crowned with turrets; with crown of towers, 6.785; tower-like, towering, lofty, 3.536.

īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.

stūppeus, a, um: adj. (stūppa), made of tow or flax; flaxen, 2.236.

manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

volātilis, e: flying; winged, 4.71. (volō)

spargō, sparsī, sparsus, 3, a.: to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754.

Neptūnius, a, um: adj. (Neptūnus), pertaining to Neptune, built by Neptune, Neptunian, 2.625; son or descendant of Neptune, 7.691.

rubēscō, rubuī, 3, inc. n.: to grow or turn red; begin to glow, redden, 3.521. (rubeō)

rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

sīstrum, ī, n.: a metallic rattle, consisting of a small frame of horseshoe form with sliding cross-bars, used by the priests of Isis, 8.696.

necdum: (adv.), nor yet; and not yet, 1.25.

anguis, is, m. and f.: a snake of any kind, serpent, 2.379; hydra, 8.300.

omnigenus, a, um: adj. (gen. pl., omnigenum), of all sorts, of every kind, 8.698.

mōnstrum, ī, n.: the thing which warns; an omen, a portent, 3.26; supernatural token, sign, 12.246; a prodigy, marvel, wonder, terror, 3.583; monster, 2.245. (moneō)

lātrātor, ōris, m.: one who barks like a dog; a barker, the barking, 8.698. (lātrō)

Anūbis, is or idis, m.: a god with the head of a dog, worshiped by the Egyptians, 8.698.

Neptūnus, ī, m.: Neptune, one of the sons of Saturn, and brother of Jupiter, Juno, and Pluto; identified by the Romans, as god of the sea, with the Greek Poseidon, 1.125.

Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

Minerva, ae, f.: an Italian goddess, understood to be the same as the Greek Athena; the goddess of wisdom, of the liberal and industrial arts, and of systematic or strategic warfare, 2.31, et al.; (meton.), wisdom, wit; household work, spinning, the loom, etc., 5.284, et al.

saeviō, iī, ītus, 4, n.: to be fierce; to be furious, rage; be angry, 6.544. (saevus)

certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

caelō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to cut in relief; carve, engrave, chase, emboss, 1.640. (caelum, a chisel)

Dīra, ae, f.: a Fury, 12.869; pl., Dīrae, ārum, the Furies, 4.473, et al.

scindō, scidī, scissus, 3, a.: to cut asunder; split, 6.182; part, separate, divide, 1.161; tear, 9.478; (fig.), divide, 2.39.

vādō, 3, n.: to go, walk, advance, go on, 2.396, et al.; rush, 2.359; move, speed on, 8.702; imperat., vāde, away, go on! 3.462.

discordia, ae, f.: difference in feeling, or mind; dissension, strife; personified, Discord or Eris, 6.280. (discors)

palla, ae, f.: a long and ample robe; mantle, 1.648.

sanguineus, a, um: adj. (sanguis), of blood; bloodshot, 4.643; of bloody color or aspect, bloody, 2.207; fiery, bloody, 10.273; ruddy, burnished, 8.622; bloodthirsty, 12.332.

Bellōna, ae, f.: the goddess of war, sister of Mars, Bellona, 7.319. (bellum)

flagellum, ī, n.: a scourge or whip, 5.579; thong, 7.731. (dim. of flagrum, a whip)

arcus, ūs, m.: a bow, 5.500, et al.; the rainbow, 5.88.

Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

dēsuper: (adv.), from above; above, 1.165.

terror, ōris, m.: fright, fear, dread, alarm, 7.552, et al. (terreō)

Indī: (adj.), belonging to India, Indian, 12.67; subst., Indus, ī, m., an Indian; pl., Indī, ōrum, the Indians, 7.605.

Arabs, abis, m.: an Arabian, 8.706.

Sabaeī, ōrum, m.: the Sabaeans or people of Arabia Felix. (Saba)

vēlum, ī, n.: a cloth; sail, 1.103, et al.; a curtain, canvas, covering, 1.469.

laxus, a, um: (adj.), loose; disjointed, unfastened, gaping, open, 1.122; slack, loosened, free, 1.63; unbent, 11.874.

immittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send upon or to; drive to, 6.312; bring upon, 4.488; let in, 2.495; let fly, go, loosen, 6.1; hurl, fling, cast, 11.562; (with sē), rush into, 6.262; p., immissus, a, um, of the reins of horses, let loose; hence, (fig.), swiftly running, 5.146; unchecked, unbridled, 5.662; of the hair or beard, descending, left growing, neglected, long, 3.593.

fūnis, is, m.: a rope, 2.239, et al.; cord, string, 5.488.

palleō, uī, 2, n.: to be pale; p., pallēns, entis, pallid, wan, pale, 4.26.

futūrus, a, um: about to be; future, 4.622. (sum)

īgnipotēns, entis: adj. (īgnis and potēns), having power over fire; subst., Īgnipotēns, the fire-god, Vulcan, 10.243.

Iāpyx, ygis, m.: a son of Iasius and physician of Aeneas, 12.391.

contrā: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. acc.), over against; opposite to, 1.13; against, 5.370; to, 9.280; on the contrary, 12.779; on the other hand, in reply, 1.76.

maereō, 2, n. and a.: to be sorrowful, sad; mourn, grieve, 1.197, et al. (cf. miser)

Nīlus, ī, m.: the Nile, 6.800.

pandō, pandī, passus or pānsus, 3, a.: to spread out or open, 7.641; unfurl, 3.520; extend, expose, 6.740; break through, open, 2.234; unbind, dishevel, 1.480; (fig.), disclose, declare, explain, reveal, 3.179.

gremium, iī, n.: the lap, the bosom, 1.685, et al.; ante gremium suum, in front of or before one's self, 11.744.

latebrōsus, a, um: adj. (latebra), full of lurking places or recesses; full of holes; porous, 5.214; secret, 8.713.

triplex, icis: adj. (trēs and plicō), threefold, triple, 10.784, et al.

invehō, vexī, vectus, 3, a.: to carry into or forward; (pass.), invehī, to ride or drive, 1.155; sail, 5.122; w. acc. of place, sail to, arrive at, or in, 7.436; enter, 8.714.

Rōmānus, a, um: adj. (Rōma), belonging to Rome; Roman, 1.33; subst., Rōmānus, ī, m., a Roman, 1.234.

triumphus, ī, m.: the grand procession at Rome awarded to a victorious general; a victory, 2.578.

Italus, a, um: Italian, 3.440, et al.; subst., Italī, ōrum, m., the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

immortālis, e: (adj.), undying, immortal, unperishable, 6.598.

sacrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to set apart to the gods; devote, consecrate, 2.502; w. acc. and dat., devote, 10.419. (sacer)

ter: (num. adv.), thrice, three times, 1.94, et al. (trēs)

dēlūbrum, ī, n.: the place for sacrificial cleansings; a shrine, temple, sanctuary, 2.225, et al. (dēluō, cleanse)

laetitia, ae, f.: joy, 1.514, et al. (laetus)

lūdus, ī, m.: play, sport, pastime, 9.606; mirth; pl., lūdī, ōrum, games, public or national, 3.280. (lūdō)

plausus, ūs, m.: a beating, clapping, flapping; fluttering sound, 5.215; plaudit, applause, 5.148. (plaudō)

fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

chorus, ī, m.: a dance in a circle; a dance; a company of singers or dancers, choir, train, 1.499; band, troop, 5.581; festival, 11.737.

sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

iuvencus, a, um: adj. (iuvenis), young; subst., iuvencus, ī, m., a young bullock, 3.247, et al.; iuvenca, ae, f., a heifer, 8.208, et al.

niveus, a, um: adj. (nix), snowy, of snow; snow-white, 1.469.

candeō, uī, 2, n.: to be of pure whiteness; p., candēns, entis, white, 4.61; at white heat; glowing, 3.573; 12.91.

Phoebus, ī, m.: Phoebus or Apollo, 1.329, et al.

recognōscō, cognōvī, cognitus, 3, a.: look over; survey, review, 8.721.

aptō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to fit, join, or fasten to; with acc. and dat., 8.721; put on, 2.390; get ready, prepare, 10.259; fit out, prepare, 1.552; with abl. of manner, 8.80. (aptus)

postis, is, m.: a post; doorpost, jamb, 3.287; door, 2.480. (rel. to pōnō)

incēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, a. and n.: to step onward; walk, especially with pomp or dignity; advance, 1.497; move (for am), 1.46, et al.; march, proceed, 9.308.

habitus, ūs, m.: the having itself or one’s self; condition, habit; dress, attire, 1.315. (habeō)

nomas, adis, c.: a nomad; pl., Nomades, um, m., the Numidians, 4.320.

discingō, cīnxī, cīnctus, 3, a.: to ungird; p., discīnctus, a, um, loose-robed; indolent, effeminate, 8.724.

Mulciber, eris and erī, m.: one who softens, Mulciber or Vulcan, the god of the forge, 8.724. (mulceō)

Āfer, fra, frum: (adj.), African; (subst.), Āfrī, ōrum, m., Africans, 8.724.

Leleges, um, m.: Pelasgian tribes of Asia Minor and Greece, 8.725.

Cārēs, ium, Gr. acc., as (sing., Cār, Cāris), m.: the Carians, of Caria in the southwestern part of Asia Minor, 8.725. (Cāria)

sagittifer, a, um: adj. (sagitta and ferō), arrow-bearing, 8.725.

Gelōnus, ī, m.: a Gelonian, or Scythian; pl., Gelōnī, ōrum, the Scythians, 8.725.

Euphrātēs, is, m.: the Euphrates.

Morinī, ōrum, m.: a tribe dwelling on the northwestern coast of Gaul, 8.727.

Rhēnus, ī, m.: the river Rhine, 8.727.

bicornis, e: adj. (bis and cornū), two-horned; of rivers, with reference to their divided mouths, 8.727.

indomitus, a, um: (adj.), untamed; unbridled, 2.594; impetuous, fierce, 2.440.

Dahae, ārum, m.: the Dahae, a Scythian people beyond the Caspian, 8.728.

pōns, pontis, m.: a bridge; a bridge connecting battlements and towers, 9.530; gangway, bridge for embarking, 10.288.

indīgnor, ātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to deem unworthy; to fret, chafe, be impatient, 1.55; resent, 2.93; scorn, 8.728; be angry, indignant, 11.831; w. inf., 7.770.

Araxēs, is, m.: the Araxes, a river of Armenia Major, 8.728.