'Vidimus, o ciues, Diomedem Argiuaque castra,

atque iter emensi casus superauimus omnis,

contigimusque manum qua concidit Ilia tellus.245

ille urbem Argyripam patriae cognomine gentis

uictor Gargani condebat Iapygis agris.

postquam introgressi et coram data copia fandi,

munera praeferimus, nomen patriamque docemus,

qui bellum intulerint, quae causa attraxerit Arpos.250

auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore:

"o fortunatae gentes, Saturnia regna,

antiqui Ausonii, quae uos fortuna quietos

sollicitat suadetque ignota lacessere bella?

quicumque Iliacos ferro uiolauimus agros255

(mitto ea quae muris bellando exhausta sub altis,

quos Simois premat ille uiros) infanda per orbem

supplicia et scelerum poenas expendimus omnes,

uel Priamo miseranda manus; scit triste Mineruae

sidus et Euboicae cautes ultorque Caphereus.260

militia ex illa diuersum ad litus abacti

Atrides Protei Menelaus adusque columnas

exsulat, Aetnaeos uidit Cyclopas Vlixes.

regna Neoptolemi referam uersosque penatis

Idomenei? Libycone habitantis litore Locros?265

ipse Mycenaeus magnorum ductor Achiuum

coniugis infandae prima inter limina dextra

oppetiit, deuictam Asiam subsedit adulter.

inuidisse deos, patriis ut redditus aris

coniugium optatum et pulchram Calydona uiderem?270

nunc etiam horribili uisu portenta sequuntur

et socii amissi petierunt aethera pennis

fluminibusque uagantur aues (heu, dira meorum

supplicia!) et scopulos lacrimosis uocibus implent.

haec adeo ex illo mihi iam speranda fuerunt275

tempore cum ferro caelestia corpora demens

appetii et Veneris uiolaui uulnere dextram.

ne uero, ne me ad talis impellite pugnas.

nec mihi cum Teucris ullum post eruta bellum

Pergama nec ueterum memini laetorue malorum.280

munera quae patriis ad me portatis ab oris

uertite ad Aenean. stetimus tela aspera contra

contulimusque manus: experto credite quantus

in clipeum adsurgat, quo turbine torqueat hastam.

si duo praeterea talis Idaea tulisset285

terra uiros, ultro Inachias uenisset ad urbes

Dardanus, et uersis lugeret Graecia fatis.

quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Troiae,

Hectoris Aeneaeque manu uictoria Graium

haesit et in decimum uestigia rettulit annum.290

ambo animis, ambo insignes praestantibus armis,

hic pietate prior. coeant in foedera dextrae,

qua datur; ast armis concurrant arma cauete."

et responsa simul quae sint, rex optime, regis

audisti et quae sit magno sententia bello.'295

    CORE VOCABULARY

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    Diomēdēs, is, m.: Diomedes, son of Tydeus, and king of Argos, distinguished among the Greeks at Troy, 1.752.

    Argīvus, a, um: adj. (Argos), belonging to Argos; Argive; Greek, 2.254; subst., Argīvī, ōrum, Argives, Greeks, 1.40.

    ēmētior, mēnsus sum, 4, dep. a.: to measure out or off, 10.772; pass over, traverse, 5.628.

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    concidō, cidī, 3, n.: to fall completely; fall down, fall, 2.532. (com- and cadō)

    Īlius, a, um: adj. (Īlium), of Ilium; Ilian, Trojan, 1.268.

    Argyripa, ae, f.: Argyripa, afterwards Arpi, a town built by Diomedes in Apulia, 11.246.

    patrius, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to one's father or ancestors; a father's, 2.658; paternal, natural to a father, 1.643; exacted by a father, 7.766; due to, felt for a father or parent, 9.294; ancestral, hereditary, 3.249; of one's country, native, 3.281; belonging to the nation, of the country, 11.374.

    cognōmen, inis, n.: a name common to a family; a surname; name, 1.267.

    Gargānus, ī, m.: a mountain in Apulia, 11.247.

    Iāpyx, ygis: (adj.), Iapygian, Apulian, 11.678; subst. (sc. ventus), the wind blowing from Iapygia; the N.W. wind, 8.710.

    intrōgredior, gressus sum, 3, dep. n.: to go within; enter, 1.520. (intrō and gradior)

    cōram: (prep. and adv.; prep. w. abl.), in the presence of; before; (adv.), in person, face to face, openly, in presence, 1.520, 595.

    praeferō, tulī, lātus, ferre, irreg. a.: to carry before, bear, 7.237; offer, 11.249; present, exhibit, 10.211; put before or first, 5.541; choose rather, prefer.

    attrahō, trāxī, trāctus, 3, a.: to draw or bring to, 11.250; fetch, bring up. (ad and trahō)

    Arpī, ōrum: Argyripa, afterwards Arpi, a town built by Diomedes in Apulia, 11.246.

    placidus, a, um: adj. (placeō), gentle, calm, tranquil, peaceful, serene, 5.848; inactive, idle, 9.187; friendly, propitious, 3.266; (adv.), placidē, gently, softly, quietly, calmly, 5.86.

    fortūnātus, a, um: adj. (fortūna), befriended by fortune; fortunate, happy, blessed, prosperous, 1.437; w. gen., 11.416.

    Sāturnius, a, um: adj. (Sāturnus), belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; subst., Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn, 5.799; Sāturnia, ae, f., 1. Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

    Ausonius, a, um: adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

    quiēscō, quiēvī, quiētus, 3, n.: to rest, 7.6; repose, rest in death, 1.249; be hushed, still, quiet, 4.523; cease from action, 5.784; lie, 10.836; p., quiētus, a, um, at rest, quiet, 5.848; still, calm, tranquil, 5.216; peaceful, in repose, 4.379; gentle, friendly, 1.303. (quiēs)

    sollicitō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to stir up, agitate; try to pull out, 12.404; make anxious, disquiet, disturb, 4.380. (solicitus)

    suādeō, suāsī, suāsus, 2, n. and a.: to advise, warn, urge, exhort, 1.357, et al.; invite, 2.9; impel, prompt, 11.254; compel, force, 10.367.

    ignōtus, a, um: (adj.), unknown, 1.359; strange, 5.795; not well known, but little known, 11.527.

    lacessō, cessīvī, cessītus, 3, intens. a.: to provoke, rouse, irritate, incite, 5.429; call forth, summon, rouse, 10.10; challenge, attack, assail, 11.585; strike, smite, 7.527; slap with the hand, caress, cheer, 12.85.

    Īliacus, a, um: (adj.), belonging to Ilium; Ilian, Trojan, 1.97, et al.

    violō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to exercise force upon; hurt, wound, 11.277; break, 7.114; devastate, 11.255; desecrate, profane, 2.189; stain, 12.67. (vīs)

    bellō, āvī, ātus, 1, n., and bellor, dep. 1, n.: to wage war; fight, 1.466; dep., 11.660; subst., bellāns, antis, c. pl., bellantēs, ium or um, combatants, warriors, 1.466. (bellum)

    exhauriō, hausī, haustus, 4, a.: to draw out, drain, exhaust, toil through, achieve, 4.14; undergo, 1.599; endure, 11.256; inflict, 9.356.

    Simoīs, Simoentis, m.: a river which falls into the Scamander near Troy, 1.100, et al.

    īnfandus, a, um: (adj.), not to be uttered; unutterable, inexpressible, unspeakable, 4.85; cruel, 1.525; dreadful, horrible, 10.673; accursed, perfidious, 4.613; fatal, 2.132; neut., in exclamations, īnfandum! O shame, O woe unutterable! 1.251; pl., īnfanda, as(adv.), 8.489.

    expendō, pendī, pēnsus, 3, a.: to weigh out; (fig.), pay; suffer, 6.740; expiate, 2.229.

    Priamus, ī, m.: 1. Priam, son of Laomedon, king of Troy, 1.458, et al. 2. A Trojan youth, son of Polites and grandson of King Priam, 5.564.

    miserandus, a, um: to be pitied, 11.259; p., unhappy, 6.882; wretched, 3.591; deplorable, direful, 3.138. (miseror)

    Minerva, ae, f.: an Italian goddess, understood to be the same as the Greek Athena; the goddess of wisdom, of the liberal and industrial arts, and of systematic or strategic warfare, 2.31, et al.; (meton.), wisdom, wit; household work, spinning, the loom, etc., 5.284, et al.

    Euboicus, a, um: (adj.), of Euboea, an island on the eastern coast of Greece; Euboean, 6.2.

    cautēs, is, f.: a craggy or pointed rock, or cliff; rock, crag, 3.534.

    ultor, ōris, m.: an avenger, 2.96; translated adjectively, avenging, 6.818. (ulcīscor)

    Caphēreus, eī, m.: Caphareus, a promontory on the southern coast of Euboea, 11.260.

    mīlitia, ae, f.: warfare, war, 11.261; discipline, 8.516. (mīles)

    abigō, ēgī, āctus, 3, a.: to drive off or away from, i.e. beyond (others in), 8.407; drive away, 11.261. (ab and agō)

    Atrīdēs, ae, m.: a son or descendant of Atreus; pl., Atrīdae, ārum, the Atridae (Agamemnon and Menelaus), 2.104.

    Prōteus (dissyll.), eī or eos, m.: a sea-god who often changed his form; Prōteī Columnae, the island of Pharos, the boundary of Egypt, 11.262.

    Menelāus, ī, m.: son of Atreus, king of Sparta and husband of Helen; who joined his brother Agamemnon in the war against Troy, and after its capture returned with Helen to Sparta, 2.264, et al.

    ad ūsque: quite to, 11.262.

    columna, ae, f.: a column, pillar, 1.428; Proteī columnae, the pillars of Proteus; the northern extremities of Egypt, 11.262.

    exsulō, āvī, ātus, 1, n.: to be in exile, banished, or driven away, 11.263. (exsul)

    Aetnaeus, a, um: adj. (Aetna), of Aetna; Aetnaean, 3.678.

    Cyclōps, ōpis, m.: a Cyclops, one of the Cyclopes, fabulous giants of Sicily, supposed to have a round eye in the middle of the forehead, 3.569.

    Ulixēs, is, eī or ī, m.: Ulysses, son of Laertes, king of Ithaca, and one of the Greek chiefs at Troy, distinguished for shrewdness and cunning, 2.44, et al.

    Neoptolemus, ī, m.: Neoptolemus or Pyrrhus, the son of Achilles, 3.333. See also Pyrrhus.

    Penātēs, ium, m.: gods of the household; hearth-, fireside gods, 2.514, et al.; tutelary gods of the state as a national family, 1.68; (fig.), fireside, hearth, dwelling-house, abode, 1.527. (penus)

    Īdomeneus (quadrisyll.), eī, m.: Idomeneus, king of Crete, and conspicuous among the Greek chiefs at Troy, 3.122, et al.

    Libycus, a, um: (adj.), Libyan, 1.339, et al.; subst., Libycum, ī, n., the Libyan or African sea, 5.595.

    habitō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. a. and n.: to have continually, have in possession; occupy, inhabit, 3.106; dwell, 3.110. (habeō)

    Locrī, ōrum, m.: the Locriam; inhabitants of Locris, in Greece; Locri Epizephyrii, in Bruttium, 3.399; the Opuntii, of Opus, in Locris, 11.265.

    Mycēnaeus, a, um: adj. (Mycēnae), of Mycenae; the Mycenaean (king); Agamemnon, 11.266.

    ductor, ōris, m.: a leader, 1.189; captain, commander, 5.133; prince, king, 9.691. (dūcō)

    Achīvī, ōrum or um: the Greeks, the Achaeans 2.102.

    oppetō, petīvī or petiī, petītus, 3, a.: to encounter; with or without mortem, to die, fall, perish, 1.96. (ob and petō)

    dēvincō, vīcī, victus, 3, a.: to conquer completely, to vanquish, 9.264; wage successfully, 10.370.

    Āsia, ae, f.: 1. Asia, a town of Lydia, near the river Cayster. 2. Asia Minor; Asia, 7.224, et al.

    subsīdō, sēdī, sessus, 3, n. and a.: to sit or settle down, 12.492; to sink down, fall, subside, 5.820; remain, 5.498; subside, remain below, be lost or disappear, 12.836; (w. acc.), to lie in wait for, remain, or watch for the spoils of, 11.268.

    adulter, erī, m.: an adulterer, 11.268.

    invideō, vīdī, vīsus, 2, n. and a.: to look into; to look at with dislike; begrudge, envy, 4.234, et al.; withhold, deny.

    coniugium, iī, n.: a joining together; marriage, wedlock, 4.172; (meton.), husband, wife, consort, 2.579; 3.296. (coniungō)

    optātus, a, um: desired, longed for, much desired, 1.172; (adv.), optātō, according to one's wish; in good time, 10.405.

    Calydōn, ōnis, f.: a town of Aetolia, the abode of Meleager, 7.306.

    horribilis, e: adj. (horreō), to be shuddered at; frightful, dreadful, horrible, fearful, 11.271.

    vīsus, ūs, m.: a seeing; vision, sight, 4.277; a phenomenon, spectacle, appearance, sight, 2.212; aspect, 11.271; prodigy, 3.36. (videō)

    portentum, ī: an omen, portent, prodigy, 8.533. (portendō)

    penna (pinna), ae, f.: a feather, 12.750; wing, pinion, 3.258; in the form pinna, a pinnacle, battlement, palisade, 7.159.

    vagor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n. and a.: to wander about, 6.886; ride to and fro, career about, 5.560; to be rumored round, spread, 2.17. (vagus, wandering)

    heu: (interj.), alas! ah! oh! 2.289, et al.

    dīrus, a, um: (adj.), accursed; portentous; fearful, dreadful, awful, dire, cruel, horrible, freq.; accursed, 2.261; unhallowed, impious, 6.373; foul, carrion, 3.262; wild, furious, ardent, 9.185; pl., dīra (adv.), fearfully, 10.572.

    meī, m. pl.: my kindred, friends, countrymen, descendants, etc., 2.587, et al.; mea, ōrum, n., my possessions, enjoyments, 12.882. (mē)

    scopulus, ī, m.: a projecting ledge of rock; a high cliff or rock, 1.180; crag, 1.45; ledge, reef, 1.145; detached rock, fragment of rock, 12.531.

    lacrimōsus, a, um: adj. (lacrima), tearful; sad, mournful, piteous, 11.274.

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    dēmēns, entis: (adj.), out of one’s mind, insane, foolish, mad, blind, 4.107; subst., fool, 11.399.

    appetō, īvī or iī, ītus, 3, a.: to push for; attack, assail, 11.277. (ad and petō)

    Venus, eris, f.: Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, 1.411, et al.; (meton.), love, lust, 6.26.

    impellō, pulī, pulsus, 3, a.: to push, thrust, drive to or upon; push onward, impel, 5.242; push, open, 7.621; smite, 1.82; ply, 4.594; put in motion, urge on, 8.3; shoot, 12.856; move, disturb, 3.449; (w. inf.), lead on, impel, induce, persuade, 2.55; force, compel, 1.11.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    post: (prep. w. acc., and adv. of place and time); (prep.), behind, 1.296; next to, 7.655; after, 5.626; (adv.), afterwards, then, next, 1.612; hereafter, 1.136.

    ēruō, ī, tus, 3, a.: to cast out or up; to overthrow, 2.5.

    Pergama, ōrum, n., Pergamum, ī, n., and Pergamus (-os), ī, f.: 1. The citadel or walls of Troy, 3.87; Troy, 4.344, et al. 2. The Trojan citadel of Helenus in Epirus, 3.336.

    meminī, isse, def. a. and n.: (w. acc., gen., or inf.), to have in mind; remember, be mindful, recollect, 1.203; distinguish, 3.202. (rel. to mēns)

    laetor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to rejoice, w. abl., gen., infin., or absolute, 1.393, et al. (laetus)

    malum, ī, n.: an evil, a misfortune, calamity, adversity; suffering, woe, misery, 1.198; misdeed, crime, sin, wickedness, 6.739; pest, curse, scourge, 4.174; mischief, poison, 7.375.

    ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    asper, era, erum: (adj.), rough, 2.379; rugged, craggy, jagged, 6.360; chased, embossed, 5.267; (fig.), of the weather, stormy, 2.110; of temperament, spirit, or nature, barbarous, 5.730; formidable, fierce, 1.14; full of strife, warlike, 1.291; cruel, stern, 6.882; angry, 1.279; bitter, 2.96; displeased, 8.365.

    quantus, a, um: (interrogative adjective) how great; what, 1.719, et al.

    clipeus, ī, m., and clipeum, ī, n.: a round shield; a shield, 2.227, et al.

    adsurgō, surrēxī, surrēctus, 3, n.: to rise up; rise, 4.86; swell, fume, 10.95.

    turbō, inis, m.: a tornado, whirlwind; storm, tempest, 1.442; whirling cloud, 3.573; wind accompanying the lightning; lightning-blast, 1.45; 6.594; whirling or stormy force, 11.284, et al.; a whirling top, a child's top, 7.378. (cf. turba)

    torqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to wind, turn, twist, 4.575; roll along, 6.551; whirl, hurl, 3.208; shoot, 5.497; cast, dash, 1.108; direct, 4.220; turn away, 6.547; turn, cause to revolve, 4.269; control, 12.180; p., tortus, a, um, whirled, whirling, impetuous, 7.567.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    Īdaeus, a, um: (adj.), of Mount Ida (either in Crete or in the Troad), Idaean, 3.105; 2.696, et al.; pertaining to Cybele, goddess of the Trojan Ida, 9.112.

    ultrō: (adv.), to the farther side; furthermore, over and above, moreover, 2.145, et al.; even, 9.127; beyond the limit of necessity; uncompelled, unasked, unimpelled; apart from all external influences, of one's self, of one's own accord or motion, voluntarily, willingly; unprompted by any words on another's part, first, 2.372; 4.304; unaddressed, 10.606; promptly, 10.282; impetuously, 12.3. (cf. ulterior)

    Īnachius, a, um: adj. (Īnachus), of Inachus, Inachian; Argive, Greek, 11.286.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    Dardanus, a, um: (adj.), Trojan, 5.119; subst., the Dardanian; Aeneas, 4.662; the Trojan, for the nation, 11.287.

    lūgeō, lūxī, lūctus, 2, n. and a.: to mourn, 11.287; bewail, deplore, 2.85; p., lūgēns, entis, wailing, mourning; of mourning, 6.441.

    Graecia, ae, f.: Greece.

    cessō, āvī, ātus, 1, intens. n.: to remit action; stay, linger, rest; be inactive, 1.672; cease, 2.468; delay, 6.51; impers., cessātum est, delay has been made, has happened, 11.288. (cēdō)

    Trōia, ae, f.: 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

    Hector, oris, m.: son of Priam, and chief defender of Troy, 1.99, et al.

    Grāī (Grāiī) (dissyll.), ōrum, m.: the Greeks, 1.467, et al.

    haereō, haesī, haesus, 2, n.: to stick; foll. by dat., or by abl. w. or without a prep.; hang, cling, adhere, cling to, 1.476, et al.; stop, stand fixed, 6.559; halt, 11.699; adhere to as companion, 10.780; stick to in the chase, 12.754; persist, 2.654; dwell, 4.4; pause, hesitate, 3.597; be fixed or decreed, 4.614.

    decimus, a, um: adj. (decem), the tenth, 9.155.

    ambō, ae, ō: (adj.), both, 1.458.

    īnsīgnis, e: beautiful, 3.468; splendid, adorned, 4.134; conspicuous, 6.808; marked, renowned, distinguished, 1.10; illustrious, glorious, 10.450. (in and sīgnum)

    praestāns, antis, comp., praestantior, ius: excellent, superior, distinguished, 5.361; w. gen., 12.19.

    coeō, coīvī or coiī, coitus, coīre, irreg. n. and a.: to go or come together, assemble, 7.582; come together in conflict, join battle; of the blood, stand still, congeal, curdle, 3.30; come to terms, form a compact, 7.317; coīre in ūnum, to come to one place, unite, concentrate, combine, 9.801, et al.

    foedus, eris, n.: a treaty, league, alliance, freq., truce, 5.496; side or party, 12.658; covenant, contract, 4.339; laws of hospitality, hospitality, 10.91; pledge, love, 4.520; law, term, condition, rule, 1.62. (rel. to fīdō, trust)

    concurrō, currī (rarely cucurrī), cursus, 3, n.: to run together or at once; crowd around, 12.297; rush, 2.315; rush to conflict, 7.224; rush against a foe; (with dat.), engage, encounter, 1.493.

    respōnsum, ī, n.: an answer, reply, 2.376; oracular answer, response, 6.799. (respondeō)

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-xi-243-295