33.1 Τάξον τινὰ ἤδη χαρακτῆρα σεαυτῷ καὶ τύπον ὃν φυλάξεις ἐπί τε σεαυτοῦ ὢν καὶ ἀνθρώποις ἐντυγχάνων. 33.2 σιωπὴ τὸ πολὺ ἔστω ἢ λαλείσθω τὰ ἀναγκαῖα καὶ δι' ὀλίγων. σπανίως δέ ποτε καιροῦ παρακαλοῦντος ἐπὶ τὸ λέγειν τι ἥξομεν, ἀλλὰ περὶ οὐδενὸς τῶν τυχόντων· μὴ περὶ μονομαχιῶν, μὴ περὶ ἱπποδρομιῶν, μὴ περὶ ἀθλητῶν, μὴ περὶ βρωμάτων ἢ πομάτων, τῶν ἑκασταχοῦ λεγομένων, μάλιστα δὲ μὴ περὶ ἀνθρώπων ψέγοντα ἢ ἐπαινοῦντα ἢ συγκρίνοντα. 33.3 ἂν μὲν οὖν οἷός τε ᾖς, μέταγε τοὺς σοὺς λόγους καὶ τοὺς τῶν συνόντων ἐπὶ τὸ προσῆκον˙ εἰ δὲ ἐν ἀλλοφύλοις ἀποληφθεὶς τύχοις, σιώπα. 33.4 γέλως μὴ πολὺς ἔστω μηδὲ ἐπὶ πολλοῖς μηδὲ ἀνειμένος. 33.5 ὅρκον παραίτησαι, εἰ μὲν οἷόν τε, εἰς ἅπαν, εἰ δὲ μή, ἐκ τῶν ἐνόντων. 33.6 ἑστιάσεις τὰς ἔξω καὶ ἰδιωτικὰς διακρούου· ἐὰν δέ ποτε γίνηται καιρός, ἐντετάσθω σοι ἡ προσοχή μή ποτε ἄρα ὑπορρυῇς εἰς ἰδιωτισμόν. ἴσθι γάρ ὅτι, ἐὰν ὁ ἑταῖρος ᾖ μεμολυσμένος, καὶ τὸν συνανατριβόμενον αὐτῷ μολύνεσθαι ἀνάγκη, κἂν αὐτὸς ὢν τύχῃ καθαρός. 33.7 τὰ περὶ τὸ σῶμα μέχρι τῆς χρείας ψιλῆς παραλάμβανε, οἷον τροφάς, πόμα, ἀμπεχόνην, οἰκίαν, οἰκετίαν· τὸ δὲ πρὸς δόξαν ἢ τρυφὴν ἅπαν περίγραφε. 33.8 περὶ ἀφροδίσια εἰς δύναμιν πρὸ γάμου καθαρευτέον· ἁπτομένῳ δὲ ὧν νόμιμόν ἐστι μεταληπτέον. μὴ μέντοι ἐπαχθὴς γίνου τοῖς χρωμένοις μηδὲ ἐλεγκτικός, μηδὲ πολλαχοῦ τὸ ὅτι αὐτὸς οὐ χρῇ, παράφερε. 33.9 ἐάν τίς σοι ἀπαγγείλῃ ὅτι ὁ δεῖνά σε κακῶς λέγει, μὴ ἀπολογοῦ πρὸς τὰ λεχθέντα, ἀλλ' ἀποκρίνου διότι «ἠγνόει γὰρ τὰ ἄλλα τὰ προσόντα μοι κακά, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἂν ταῦτα μόνα ἔλεγεν.» 33.10 εἰς τὰ θέατρα τὸ πολὺ παριέναι οὐκ ἀναγκαῖον. εἰ δέ ποτε καιρὸς εἴη, μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ σπουδάζων φαίνου ἢ σεαυτῷ, τουτέστι θέλε γίνεσθαι μόνα τὰ γινόμενα καὶ νικᾶν μόνον τὸν νικῶντα· οὕτω γὰρ οὐκ ἐμποδισθήσῃ. βοῆς δὲ καὶ τοῦ ἐπιγελᾶν τινι ἢ ἐπὶ πολὺ συγκινεῖσθαι παντελῶς ἀπέχου. καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἀπαλλαγῆναι μὴ πολλὰ περὶ τῶν γεγενημένων διαλέγου, ὅσα μὴ φέρει πρὸς τὴν σὴν ἐπανόρθωσιν· ἐμφαίνεται γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ τοιούτου ὅτι ἐθαύμασας τὴν θέαν. 33.11 εἰς ἀκροάσεις τινῶν μὴ εἰκῇ μηδὲ ῥᾳδίως πάριθι· παριὼν δὲ τὸ σεμνὸν καὶ τὸ εὐσταθὲς καὶ ἅμα ἀνεπαχθὲς φύλασσε. 33.12 ὅταν τινὶ μέλλῃς συμβάλλειν, μάλιστα τῶν ἐν ὑπεροχῇ δοκούντων, πρόβαλλε σεαυτῷ τί ἂν ἐποίησεν ἐν τούτῳ Σωκράτης ἢ Ζήνων, καὶ οὐκ ἀπορήσεις τοῦ χρήσασθαι προσηκόντως τῷ ἐμπεσόντι. 33.13 ὅταν φοιτᾷς πρός τινα τῶν μέγα δυναμένων, πρόβαλλε ὅτι οὐχ εὑρήσεις αὐτὸν ἔνδον, ὅτι ἀποκλεισθήσῃ, ὅτι ἐντιναχθήσονταί σοι αἱ θύραι, ὅτι οὐ φροντιεῖ σου. κἂν σὺν τούτοις ἐλθεῖν καθήκῃ, ἐλθὼν φέρε τὰ γινόμενα καὶ μηδέποτε εἴπῃς αὐτὸς πρὸς σεαυτὸν ὅτι «οὐκ ἦν τοσούτου»· ἰδιωτικὸν γὰρ καὶ διαβεβλημένον πρὸς τὰ ἐκτός. 33.14 ἐν ταῖς ὁμιλίαις ἀπέστω τὸ σαυτοῦ τινων ἔργων ἢ κινδύνων ἐπὶ πολὺ καὶ ἀμέτρως μεμνῆσθαι. οὐ γάρ ὡς σοὶ ἡδύ ἐστι τὸ τῶν σῶν κινδύνων μεμνῆσθαι, οὕτω καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἡδύ ἐστι τὸ τῶν σοὶ συμβεβηκότων ἀκούειν. 33.15 ἀπέστω δὲ καὶ τὸ γέλωτα κινεῖν· ὀλισθηρὸς γὰρ ὁ τόπος εἰς ἰδιωτισμὸν καὶ ἅμα ἱκανὸς τὴν αἰδῶ τὴν πρὸς σὲ τῶν πλησίον ἀνεῖναι. 33.16 ἐπισφαλὲς δὲ καὶ τὸ εἰς αἰσχρολογίαν ἐμπεσεῖν. ὅταν οὖν τι συμβῇ τοιοῦτον, ἂν μὲν εὔκαιρον ᾖ, καὶ ἐπίπληξον τῷ προελθόντι· εἰ δὲ μή, τῷ γε ἀποσιωπῆσαι καὶ ἐρυθριᾶσαι καὶ σκυθρωπάσαι δῆλος γίνου δυσχεραίνων τῷ λόγῳ.

    Proper Behavior in Company

    Epictetus advises the student about how to behave in social situations.

    τάξον: > τάσσω (or τάττω), 2 sg. aor. act. imper.: “lay down,” “establish”

    ἐπί … σεαυτοῦ: “on your own,” “alone”

    ὢν ... ἐντυγχάνων: the participles are temporal: “when you are ... when you meet.”

    33.2

    τὸ πολὺ: “for the most part,” adverbial acc. (G. 540; S. 1609)

    ἔστω: > εἰμί, 3 sg. pres. act. imper.

    λαλείσθω: > λαλέω, 3 sg. pres. mid. imper.

    δι' ὀλίγων: “in a few words”

    καιροῦ παρακαλοῦντος: gen. absolute

    ἐπὶ τὸ λέγειν τι ἥξομεν: “we will come to (the necessity of) saying something.” ἥξομεν is fut. > ἥκω. It is also possible to take ἐπὶ τὸ λέγειν τι with καιροῦ παρακαλοῦντος.

    οὐδενὸς τῶν τυχόντων: “none of the usual subjects.” These are listed in what follows.

    ψέγoντα ἢ ἐπαινοῦντα ἢ συγκρίνοντα: one expects nominative participles agreeing with the “we” of ἥξομεν, but most manuscripts have these acc. masc. participles, agreeing with an impersonal “one.” Boter (1999) explains that the construction has shifted, such that these are “free accusatives with infinitive, without expressed subject.” Supply δεῖ λέγειν: i.e., μάλιστα δὲ δεῖ σε ψέγoντα ἢ ἐπαινοῦντα ἢ συγκρίνοντα μὴ λέγειν περὶ ἀνθρώπων.

    33.3

    τοὺς τῶν συνόντων: supply λόγους. τῶν συνόντων: “of your companions”

    ἐπὶ τὸ προσῆκον: “to something appropriate”

    ἀποληφθεὶς: “separated,” “caught alone,” aor. pass. participle, masc. nom. sing. (LSJ, ἀπολαμβάνω IV)

    τύχοις: > τυγχάνω, 2 sg. aor. act. opt.  

    σιώπα: 2 sg. pres. act. imper. On imperatives of α-contract verbs, see μελέτα in ch. 1.5.

    33.4

    ἔστω: 3 sg. pres. act. imper.

    ἐπὶ πολλοῖς: “at many things”

    ἀνειμένος: > ἀνίημι, perf. mid. part. nom. masc. sg., “unrestrained,” agreeing with γέλως

    33.5

    παραίτησαι: 2 sg. aor. mid. imper.

    ἐκ τῶν ἐνόντων: “as the situation permits.” ἐνόντων > ἔνειμι, “to be possible,” pres. part. used substantively. τὰ ἐνόντα = “what is possible.” ἐκ τῶν ἐνόντων, “on the basis of what is possible.” For the idiom, see Demosthenes, On the Crown 256.

    33.6

    τὰς ἔξω καὶ ἰδιωτικὰς: “those (dinner parties) offered by outsiders who are ignorant of philosophy”

    διακρούου: 2 sg. pres. mid. imper.

    καιρός: “occasion,” a situation in which one must attend such a dinner party

    ἐντετάσθω: > ἐντείνω, 3 sg. perf. pass. imper. with προσοχή: “pay attention that ...”

    ὑπορρυῇς: > ὑπορρέω, “slip, descend,” intransitive aor. pass. subj. 2 sg., after verb of caution + μή (G. 610 and 611b; S. 2220.b)

    ἴσθι: > οἶδα, 2 sg. perf. act. imper.  

    μεμολυσμένος ᾖ: > μολύνω, “to stain, taint,” 3 sg. perf. pass. periphrastic subj. (S. 599d)

    τύχῃ: > τυγχάνω, 2 sg. aor. act. subj. τυγχάνω + ὤν = “happen to be.”

    33.7

    μέχρι τῆς χρείας ψιλῆς: “up to mere necessity,” “only the bare minimum”

    οἷον: “for example”

    τὸ δὲ πρὸς δόξαν: “that which is for reputation,” i.e., for outward show

    33.8

    ἀφροδίσια: “sexual pleasures”

    εἰς δύναμιν: “as far as possible”

    ἁπτομένῳ: consitional participle: “if one is to engage in it,” dative agent with the verbal adjective μεταληπτέον (S. 1488)

    ὧν νόμιμόν ἐστι μεταληπτέον: “one must partake of (sex) which it is legitimate (to partake in).” Probably a reference to avoiding adultery and other dangerous liaisons. See Discourses 2.18.15: “Today, when I saw a handsome boy or a beautiful woman, I did not say to myself, ‘O that I could sleep with her!’ And, ‘How happy is her husband!’ (For he who says this, says too, ‘How happy is the adulterer!’)” (trans. R. Hard). ὧν is genitive after a verb of sharing (S. 1343). The relative pronoun has been attracted into the case of the omitted antecedent (G. 613 and 614; S. 2531 and 2536).

    γίνου: 2 sg. pres. dep. imper.

    τοῖς χρωμένοις: “those having sex” (LSJ χράομαι C.4.2).

    τὸ ὅτι: “the fact that”

    χρῇ: > χράομαι, 2 sg. pres. mid. ind.

    33.9

    ἀπαγγείλῃ: 3 sg. aor. mid. subj.

    δεῖνα: “so and so,” a certain person

    ἀπολογοῦ ... ἀποκρίνου: 2 sg. pres. dep./mid. imper.

    τὰ λεχθέντα: > λέγω, aor. pass. part. acc. neut. pl.:“the things said (about you)”

    τὰ ἄλλα τὰ προσόντα μοι κακά: “my other faults”

    οὐκ ἂν ... ἔλεγεν: “would not have mentioned,” the apodosis of a contrary-to-fact condition (G. 649; S. 2292.1)

    33.10

    τὸ πολὺ: “often,” “for the most part,” adv. acc. (G. 540; S. 1609)

    παριέναι: > πάρειμι (εἶμι ibo) “enter,” pres. act. infin.

    εἴη: > εἰμί, 3rd sg. pres. act. opt.

    σπουδάζων φαίνου: “show yourself to be a supporter.” φαίνου: 2nd sg. pres. mid. imper. + part. The construction of φαίνομαι with the participle denotes something that clearly is the case. With the infinitive it signifies that something seems to be the case (LSJ φαίνω B.II, G. 585a [see last example], and S. 2143).

    τουτέστι: “that is”

    ἐμποδισθήσῃ: 2 sg. fut. pass. ind.

    ἀπέχου: 2 sg. pres. mid. imper.

    μετὰ τὸ ἀπαλλαγῆναι: > ἀπαλλάσσω, aor. pass. infin., “after leaving,” (LSJ B.II)

    τῶν γεγενημένων: > γίνομαι, perf. mid. part. gen. neut. pl.

    διαλέγου: 2 sg. pres. mid. imper.

    ὅσα μή: “except insofar as” (S. 2765)

    33.11

    ἀκροάσεις: recitations, whether of poetry or of practice speeches, were a popular type of entertainment in this period.

    πάριθι: > πάρειμι, “enter,” 2 sg. pres. act. imper.

    33.12

    τῶν ἐν ὑπεροχῇ δοκούντων: “of those regarded as important” (LSJ δοκέω II.5), partitive genitive after τινὶ.

    ἂν ἐποίησεν: “would have done” (S. 2305)

    χρήσασθαι ... τῷ ἐμπεσόντι: “handle the situation” (LSJ ἐμπίπτω A.9)

    33.13

    φοιτᾷς πρός: “go to visit.” The situation imagined is the Roman custom of the salutatio, where humble clients visited more important patrons first thing in the morning, either to ask or offer a favor. They proverbially suffered humiliation if the great man was not home, declined to see them, or ignored their needs.

    ἀποκλεισθήσῃ: 2 sg. fut. pass. ind.

    ἐντιναχθήσονταί: 3 pl. fut. pass. ind.

    σὺν τούτοις: “with these things (in mind),” “knowing all these possible outcomes”

    εἴπῃς: > εἶπον, 2 sg. aor. act. subj.; prohibitory subj. (G. 473; S. 1840)

    οὐκ ἦν τοσούτου: “it wasn’t worth it,” gen. of price (G. 513; S. 1372).

    ἰδιωτικὸν γὰρ καὶ διαβεβλημένον πρὸς τὰ ἐκτός: supply ἐστι: “for it (i.e., complaining) is characteristic of an ordinary person and one showing dissatisfaction with external matters.” διαβεβλημένον > διαβάλλω, “complain,” perf. mid. part. (LSJ διαβάλλω V.1)

    33.14

    ἀπέστω τὸ σαυτοῦ τινων ἔργων ἢ κινδύνων ἐπὶ πολὺ καὶ ἀμέτρως μεμνῆσθαι: “refrain from constantly bringing up your own accomplishments and ventures” (Smith 2014). ἀπέστω: 3 sg. pres. act. imper.

    οὐ: the negative goes with the second clause beginning with οὕτω.

    τῶν σοὶ συμβεβηκότων: “your exploits,” > συμβαίνω, perf. act. part. gen. neut. pl.

    33.15

    γέλωτα: object of τὸ κινεῖν

    ὀλισθηρὸς ... εἰς: “liable to slip into”

    ἱκανὸς... ἀνεῖναι: “sufficient to diminish” 

    αἰδῶ: "respect" 

    τῶν πλησίον: “of those around you”

    33.16

    συμβῇ: > συμβαίνω, 3 sg. aor. act. subj.

    τῷ προελθόντι: “the person who crossed the line,” by using foul language.

    τῷ γε ἀποσιωπῆσαι καὶ ἐρυθριᾶσαι καὶ σκυθρωπάσαι: art. infin. functioning as datives of means (G. 526; S. 1507ff.). English requires the gerund: "by falling silent," etc.

    δῆλος γίνου δυσχεραίνων: “clearly show your disgust” (LSJ δῆλος ΙΙ.2.). γίνου: 2 sg. pres. dep. imper.

    χαρακτήρ, -ῆρος, ὁ, character

    τύπος, -ου, ὁ, character, pattern

    ἐντυγχάνω, ἐντεύξομαι, ἐνέτυχον, to meet with a person or thing + dat.

    33.2

    σιωπή, - ῆς, ἡ, silence

    λαλέω, λαλήσω, ἐλάλησα, to talk, chat

    ἀναγκαῖος, -α, -ον, necessary

    σπανίως, (adv.) rarely

    παρακαλέω, παρακαλέσω, παρεκάλεσα, to call to

    μονομαχία, -ας, ἡ,  gladiatorial show

    ἱπποδρομία, -ας, ἡ, a horse-race or chariot-race

    ἀθλητής, -οῦ, ὁ, athlete

    βρῶμα, -ατος, τό, food

    πόμα, -ος, τό, a drink

    ἑκασταχοῦ, everywhere

    ψέγω, ψέξω, ἔψεξα, to blame

    ἐπαινέω, ἐπαινέσω, ἐπῄνεσα, to praise

    συγκρίνω, to compare

    33.3

    μετάγω, to transfer, lead

    σύνειμι, συνέσομαι, to be with

    ἀλλόφυλος, -ου, ὁ a stranger

    33.4

    γέλως, -ωτος, ὁ, laughter

    ἀνίημι, ἀνήσω, ἀνῆκα, to send up, let go, set free; to relax, unfasten, slacken, diminish; to allow; (pass.) to let oneself go

    33.5

    ὅρκος, -ου, ὁ, an oath

    παραιτέομαι, παραιτήσομαι, παρητησάμην, to decline, refuse

    ἔνειμι, to be possible (> ἐν + ἐιμί)

    33.6

    ἑστίασις, -εως, ἡ, a banquet

    ἰδιωτικός, -ή, -όν, of a private person, i.e. a non-philosopher

    διακρούω, διακρούσω, ἐδιακπροῦσα, to avoid

    ἐντείνω, ἐντενῶ, ἐνέτεινα, to stretch or strain

    προσοχή, - ῆς, ἡ, attention, care

    ὑπορρέω, ὑπορρεύσω, ὑπερρύη, to slip

    ἰδιωτισμός, -οῦ, ὁ, the way (behavior) of a common person (a non-philosopher), vulgarity

    ἑταῖρος, -ου, ὁ, a comrade, companion

    μολύνω, μολυνῶ, ἐμόλυνα, to stain, to taint, to be vile

    συνανατρίβω, συνανατρίψω, συνανήτριψα, to rub together, to associate with

    καθαρός, -ά, -όν, clean, pure

    33.7

    χρεία, -ας, ἡ, use, need

    ψιλός, -ή, -όν, bare, minimal

    παραλαμβάνω, παραλήψομαι, παρέλαβον, to take, partake

    πόμα, -ος, τό, a drink

    ἀμπεχόνη, -ης, ἡ, clothes

    οἰκετία, -ας, ἡ, a household of slaves

    τρυφή, - ῆς, ἡ, luxury

    περιγράφω, περιγράψω, περέγραψα, to avoid

    33.8

    ἀφροδίσιος, -α, -ον, sexual

    γάμος, -ου, ὁ, a wedding, marriage

    καθαρευτέος, -ον, one must keep oneself clean, pure

    ἅπτω, ἅψω, ἥψα, to grasp, obtain, engage in, undertake (+ gen)

    νόμιμος, -η, -ον, customary, legitimate

    μεταληπτέον, one must have a share of, partake of (+ gen.)

    ἐπαχθής, -ές, annoying

    ἐλεγκτικός, -ή, -όν, fond of interrogating, critical

    πολλαχοῦ, in many places, often

    παραφέρω, παροίσω, παρήνεγκον, to bring forward, allege, cite

    33.9

    ἀπαγγέλλω, to report

    δεῖνα, δεῖνος, ὁ, such and such a one, someone

    ἀπολογέομαι, ἀπολογήσομαι, ἀπελογησάμην, to speak in defense, defend oneself

    διότι, since, because, that

    ἀγνοέω, ἀγνοήσω, ἠγνόησα, to not perceive or know

    πρόσειμι, to attach to, to belong to

    33.10

    θέατρον, -ου, τό, theater, public show (games)

    πάρειμι, to go to, attend

    σπουδάζω, σπουδάσομαι, ἐσπούδασα, to support + dat.

    ἐμποδίζω, -ποδιῶ, -επόδισε, to hinder, frustrate

    βοή, βοῆς, ἡ, shouting

    ἐπιγελάω, ἐπιγελάσομαι, ἐπεγέλασα, to laugh at (+ dat.)

    συγκινέω, συγκινήσομαι, to stir up, excite

    παντελῶς, (adv.) absolutely, completely

    ἀπέχω, to keep away from, to refrain from (+ gen.)

    ἀπαλλάσσω, ἀπαλλάξω, ἀπήλλαξα, to set free; (pass.) to be removed, depart

    διαλέγω, to pick out; (mid.) to discuss

    ἐπανόρθωσις,-εως,  ἡ, improvement

    ἐμφαίνω, to show, indicate

    θέα, θέης, ἡ, sight, spectacle

    33.11

    ἀκρόασις, -εως, ἡ, recitals, readings, lecture

    εἰκῇ, (adv.) randomly, casually

    σεμνός, -ή, -όν, revered, august, holy; dignified; remarkable

    εὐσταθής,-ές, steadfast, tranquil

    ἀνεπαχθής,-ές, inoffensive, not giving offense

    33.12

    συμβάλλω, to come together

    ὑπεροχή,- ῆς, ἡ, prominence, pre-eminence, superiority

    προβάλλω, -βαλῶ, -εβαλον, to put before oneself, to keep in mind, imagine

    ἀπορέω, ἀπορήσω, ἠπόρησα, to be at a loss, be in doubt

    προσηκόντως, (adv.) appropriately

    ἐμπίπτω, ἐμπεσοῦμαι, ἐνέπεσον, to fall upon or into, happen

    33.13

    φοιτάω, φοιτάσω, ἐφοίτασα, to go to and fro, to visit, hang out

    ἔνδον, within

    ἀποκλείω, ἀποκλείσω, ἀπέκλεισα, to shut out

    ἐντινάσσω, ἐντινάξω. ἐντίναξα, to slam

    θύρα, -ας-ἡ, door

    φροντίζω, φροντιῶ, ἐφρόντισα, consider, take thought for/care about (+gen.)

    καθήκω, -ήξω, to come down to, reach to; to be fit or proper; τὰ καθήκοντα, appropriate actions or duties

    ἰδιωτικός, -ή, -όν, of a private person, i.e. a non-philosopher

    ἐκτός, (adverb) without, outside; τά ἐκτός, the external things

    33.14

    ὁμιλία, -ας , ἡ, conversation

    ἄπειμι, to be away from, refrain from, avoid

    ἀμέτρως, (adv.) without measure, excessively

    33.15

    γέλως, -ωτος, ὁ, laughter

    ὀλισθηρός, -ά, -όν, slippery, liable to slip

    ἰδιωτισμός, -οῦ, ὀ, the way (behavior) of a common person (a non-philosopher), vulgarity

    αἰδώς, -όος, ἡ, reverence, self-respect

    πλησίος, near, neighboring to; οἱ πλησίον, neighbors 

    ἀνίημι, ἀνήσω, ἀνῆκα, to send up, let go, set free; to relax, unfasten, slacken, diminish; to allow; (pass.) to let oneself go

    33. 16

    ἐπισφαλής, -ές, prone to fall, dangerous

    αἰσχρολογία, -ας,  ἡ, foul language, abuse

    ἐμπίπτω, ἐμπεσοῦμαι, ἐνέπεσον, to fall upon or into, happen

    συμβαίνω, συμβήσομαι, συνέβην, to happen, to occur, turn out

    εὔκαιρος,-ον, opportune, appropriate, timely, convenient

    ἐπιπλήσσω, ἐπιπλήξω, ἐπέπληξα, to punish, rebuke, strike, condemn

    προέρχομαι, to advance, proceed

    ἀποσιωπάω, ἀποσιωπήσομαι, ἀποσιώπησα, to be or keep silent

    ἐρυθριάω, ἐρυθριάσω, ἠρυθρίασα, to blush

    σκυθρωπάζω, σκυθρωπάσω, ἐσκυθρώπασα, to frown

    δυσχεραίνω, δυσχερανῶ, ἐδυσχέρανα, to be disgusted or displeased

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    Suggested Citation

    Albert Watanabe, Epictetus: Encheiridion. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2020. ISBN: 978-1-947822-13-9.
    https://dcc.dickinson.edu/zh-hans/epictetus-encheiridion/chapter-33