Ὅτι, Διότι, AND Οὕνεκα CLAUSES
622 Ὅτι, the neuter of ὅστις, becomes a subordinating
conjunction (that) after many words of thinking,
saying, and the like; it introduces quoted words or
thoughts, those of another or of the speaker, as an
object, subject, or appositive clause:
Ἐννοησάτω ὅτι πανταχοῦ ταῦτα γίγνεται let him
reflect that this happens everywhere. H. II. 3, 24. τοῦτο
γιγνώσκων, ὅτι ἥ δʼ ἐστὶν ἡ σῴζουσα recognizing
this, that it is she (the state) that saves us. S. AN. 188.
ἔλεγον ὅτι Κῦρος τέθνηκεν they said that Cyrus
was dead. AN. II. 1, 3.
- a. Ὅτι also introduces subject and appositive clauses of
the same kind after δῆλόν ἐστι it is plain, εἰκός ἐστι it is
probable, and the like; these clauses are treated as quoted
thoughts:
Δῆλον ὅτι παύσομαι ὁ γε κων ποιῶ it is plain that I shall
stop doing what I do unintentionally. AP. 26 a. ἄλλως γνωστὸν ὅτι ἀληθῆ λέγω on other grounds it may be perceived that
I tell the truth. H. II. 3, 44.
- b. Ὅτι has also the force of in that and because; in these
senses it may introduce any form of the indicative sentence
or of the hypothetical optative (
[479](file:///x:/Departments/Classics_Texts/schoolgrammarofa00goodrich_porson/HTML%20Files/Chapter-479.html)):
Tὰ μὲν ἄλλα ὀρθῶς ἤκουσας· ὅτι δὲ καὶ ἐμὲ οἴει εἰπεῖν τοῦτο,
παρήκουσας the rest you heard rightly; but in that you suppose
I too said this, you heard wrongly. PR. 330 e. αἱσχῡνόμενος
ὅτι σύνοιδα ἐμαυτῷ ἐψευσμένος αὐτόν ashamed because I am
conscious of having deceived him. AN. I. 3, 10. μὴ θαυμάζετε
ὅτι χαλεπῶς φέρω do not be surprised that I feel badly. AN. I.
3, 3. τί ποτʼ οὖν τῶν ἐμοὶ πεπρᾱγμένων οὐχὶ μέμνηται; ὅτι τῶν
ἀδικημάτων ἂν ἐμέμνητο τῶν αὑτοῦ why, pray, has he not mentioned my acts? Because he would have mentioned his own
wrong-doings. D. 18, 79.
- c. A ὅτι clause often precedes its leading clause:
Ὅτι ἀδικεῖσθαι νομίζει ὑφʼ ἡμῶν οἶδα that he thinks himself wronged by us I am sure. AN. I. 3, 10.