Many verbs are found only in the Present System. Such are
maereō
,
-ēre
,
be sorrowful
(cf.
maestus
,
sad
);
feriō
,
-īre
,
strike.
In many the simple verb is incomplete, but the missing parts occur in its compounds: as,
vādō
,
vādere
,
in-vāsī
,
in-vāsum
.
Some verbs occur very commonly, but only in a few forms:—
Âiō
,
I say:
—
INDIC. |
PRES. |
âiō
,
ais
,
The second singular
ais
with the interrogative
-ne
is often written
ain
.
ait;
----, ----,
âiunt
|
|
IMPF. |
âiēbam
,
An old imperfect
aibam
,
aibās
, etc. (dissyllabic) is sometimes found.
âiēbās
, etc.
|
SUBJV. |
PRES. |
----,
âiās
,
âiat;
----, ----,
âiant
|
IMPER. |
|
aī
(rare)
|
PART. |
|
âiēns
|
The vowels
a
and
i
are pronounced separately (
a-is
,
a-it
) except sometimes in old or colloquial Latin. Before a vowel, one
i
stands for two (see §
6
.
c
):—thus
âiō
was pronounced
ai
-yō
and was sometimes written
aiiō
.
Inquam
,
I say
, except in poetry, is used only in direct quotations (cf. the English
quoth
).
INDIC. |
PRES. |
inquam
,
inquis
,
inquit; inquimus
,
inquitis
(late),
inquiunt
|
|
IMPF. |
----, ----,
inquiēbat;
----, ----, ----
|
|
FUT. |
----,
inquiēs
,
inquiet;
----, ----, ----
|
|
PERF. |
inquiī
,
inquīstī
, ----; ----, ----, ----
|
IMPER. |
PRES. |
inque
|
|
FUT. |
inquitō
|
The only common forms are
inquam
,
inquis
,
inquit
,
inquiunt
, and the future
īnquiēs
,
inquiet
.
The
deponent fārī
,
to speak
, has the following forms:—
INDIC. |
PRES. |
----, ----,
fātur;
----, ----,
fantur
|
|
FUT. |
fābor
, ----,
fābitur;
----, ----, ----
|
|
PERF. |
----, ----,
fātus est;
----, ----,
fātī sunt
|
|
PLUP. |
fātus eram
, ----,
fātus erat;
----, ----, ----
|
IMPER. |
PRES. |
fāre |
INFIN. |
PRES. |
fārī
|
PART. |
PRES. |
fāns,
fantis
, etc. (in singular)
|
|
PERF. |
fātus
(
having spoken
)
|
|
GER. |
fandus
(
to be spoken of
)
|
GERUND,
gen.
|
fandī
,
abl.
fandō
|
SUPINE |
fātū
|
Several forms compounded with the prepositions
ex
,
prae
,
prō
,
inter
, occur: as,
praefātur
,
praefāmur
,
affārī
,
prōfātus
,
interfātur
, etc. The compound
īnfāns
is regularly used as a noun (
child
).
īnfandus
,
nefandus
, are used as
adjectives
,
unspeakable
,
abominable.
Queō
,
I can
,
nequeō
,
I cannot
, are conjugated like
eō
. They are rarely used except in the present.
Queō
is regularly accompanied by a negative. The forms given below occur, those in full-faced type in classic prose. The Imperative, Gerund, and Supine are wanting.
INDICATIVE |
SUBJUNCTIVE |
INDICATIVE |
SUBJUNCTIVE |
PRESENT |
|
PRESENT |
queō
|
queam
|
nequeō
(
nōn queō
)
|
nequeam
|
quīs
|
queās
|
nequīs |
nequeās
|
quit |
queat
|
nequit |
nequeat
|
quīmus |
queāmus
|
nequīmus |
nequeāmus
|
quītis
|
---- |
nequītis
|
---- |
queunt
|
queant
|
nequeunt
|
nequeant
|
IMPERFECT |
|
IMPERFECT |
quībam |
---- |
---- |
nequīrem
|
quībat |
quīret
|
nequībat
|
nequīret
|
---- |
quīrent |
nequībant |
nequīrent |
FUTURE |
|
FUTURE |
quībō |
|
nequībit |
quībunt |
|
nequībunt |
PERFECT |
|
PERFECT |
quīvī
|
---- |
nequīvī
|
nequīverim
|
---- |
---- |
nequīstī |
---- |
quīvit
|
quīverit
(-ierit)
|
nequīvit
(
nequiit
)
|
nequīverit
|
quīvērunt
(
-ēre
)
|
quierint
|
nequīvērunt
(-quiēre)
|
nequīverint
|
PLUPERFECT |
|
PLUPERFECT |
---- |
---- |
nequīverat
(-ierat)
|
nequīvisset
(
-quīsset
)
|
---- |
quīvissent
|
nequīverant
(-ierant)
|
nequīssent |
|
|
INFINITIVE |
quīre |
quīsse |
nequīre
|
nequīvisse
(-quīsse)
|
|
|
PARTICIPLES |
quiēns |
|
nequiēns
,
nequeuntēs
|
A few passive forms are used with passive infinitives: as,
quītur
,
queuntur
,
quitus sum
,
queātur
,
queantur
,
nequītur
,
nequitum
;
but none of these occurs in classic prose.
Quaesō
,
I ask
,
beg
(original form of
quaerō
), has—
INDIC. |
PRES. |
quaesō
, quaesŭmus
|
Other forms of
quaesō
are found occasionally in early Latin. For the perfect system (
quaesīvī
, etc.), see
quaerō
(§
211
.
d
).
Ovāre
,
to triumph
, has the following:—
INDIC. |
PRES. |
ovās,
ovat
|
SUBJV. |
PRES. |
ovet
|
|
IMPF. |
ovāret
|
PART. |
|
ovāns
,
ovātūrus
,
ovātus
|
GER. |
|
ovandī
|
A few verbs are found chiefly in the Imperative:—
-
PRES. singular
salvē
, plural
salvēte
, FUT.
salvētō
,
hail!
(from
salvus
,
safe and sound
). An infinitive
salvēre
and the indicative forms
salveō
,
salvētis
,
salvēbis
, are rare.
-
PRES. singular
avē
(or
havē
), plural
avēte
, FUT.
avētō
,
hail
or
farewell.
An infinitive
avēre
also occurs.
-
PRES. singular
cĕdo
, plural
cĕdite
(
cette
),
give
,
tell.
-
PRES. singular
apage
,
begone
(properly a Greek word).
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