Chapter 192 Allen and Greenough's Latin Grammar Dickinson College Christopher Francese

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A few verbs having no perfect stem are regular in the present, but appear in the tenses of completed action as deponents. These are called Semi-deponents. They are:—

audeō , audēre , ausus , dare. gaudeō , gaudēre , gāvīsus , rejoice. fīdō , fīdĕre , fīsus , trust. soleō , solēre , solitus , be wont.

From audeō there is an old perfect subjunctive ausim . The form sōdēs (for sī audēs ), an thou wilt , is frequent in the dramatists and rare elsewhere.

The active forms vāpulō , vāpulāre , be flogged , and vēneō , vēnīre , be sold (contracted from vēnum īre , go to sale ), have a passive meaning, and are sometimes called neutral passives. To these may be added fierī , to be made (§ 204 ), and exsulāre , to be banished (live in exile); cf. accēdere , to be added. The following verbs are sometimes found as semi-deponents: iūrō , iūrāre . iūrātus , swear; nūbō , nūbere , nūpta , marry; placeō , placēre , placitus , please.

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