Feminine are nouns in
-ō
,
-ās
,
-ēs
,
-is
,
-ūs
,
-x
, and in
-s
preceded by a consonant: as,
legiō
,
cīvitās
,
nūbēs
,
avis
,
virtūs
,
arx
,
urbs
. The nouns in
-ō
are mostly those in
-dō
and
-gō
, and abstract and collective nouns in
-iō
.
Exceptions are the following:—
Masculine are
leō
,
leōnis
;
ligō
,
-ōnis
;
sermō
,
-ōnis
; also
cardō
,
harpagō
margō
,
ōrdō
,
turbō
;
and concrete nouns in
-iō
: as,
pugiō
,
ūniō
,
papiliō
;
Many nouns in
-ō
(gen.
-ōnis
) are masculinby signification: as,
gerō
,
carrier
restiō
,
ropemaker
: and family names (originally nicknames): as,
Cicerō
,
Nāsō
. See §§
236
.
c
, 255.
acīnacēs
,
ariēs
,
celēs
,
lebēs
,
pariēs
,
pēs
;
Nouns in
-nis
and
-guis
: as,
īgnis
,
sanguis
;
also
axis
,
caulis
,
collis
,
cucumis
,
ēnsis
,
fascis
,
follis
,
fūstis
,
lapis
,
mēnsis
,
orbis
,
piscis
,
postis
,
pulvis
,
vōmis
;
mūs
;
calix
,
fornix
,
grex
,
phoenīx
, and nouns in
-ex
(gen.
-icis
) (§
85
);
dēns
,
fōns
,
mōns
,
pōns
.
Some nouns in
-is
and
-ns
which are masculine were originally adjectives or participles agreeing with a masculine noun: as,
Aprīlis
(sc.
mēnsis
), M.,
April;
oriēns
(sc.
sōl
), M.,
the east;
annālis
(sc.
liber
), M.,
the year-book.
Neuter are
vās
(
vāsis
);
crūs
,
iūs
,
pūs
,
rūs
,
tūs
.
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