a.
The Locative form of this declension ends for the singular in
-ī
: as,
humī
,
on the ground;
Corinthī
,
at Corinth;
for the plural, in
-īs
: as,
Philippīs
,
at Philippi
(cf. p. 34, footnote).
The genitive of nouns in
-ius
or
-ium
ended, until the Augustan Age, in a single
-ī
: as,
fīlī
,
of a son;
Pompêī
,
of Pompey
(
Pompêius
); but the accent of the nominative is retained: as,
ingĕ'nī
,
of genius.
The genitive in -iī occurs once in Virgil, and constantly in Ovid, but was probably unknown to Cicero.
Proper names in
-ius
have
-ī
in the vocative, retaining the accent of the nominative: as,
Vergĭ'lī
. So also,
fīlius
,
son;
genius
,
divine guardian
: as,
audī
,
mī fīlī
,
hear
,
my son.
Adjectives in
-ĭus
form the vocative in
-ie
, and some of these are occasionally used as nouns: as,
Lacedaemonie
,
O Spartan.
Greek names in -īus have the vocative -īe: as,
Lyrcīus
, vocative
Lyrcīe
.
The genitive plural often has
-um
or (after
v
)
-om
(cf. §
6
.
a
) instead of
-ōrum
, especially in the poets: as,
deum
,
superum
,
dīvom
,
of the gods;
virum
,
of men.
Also in compounds of
vir
, and in many words of money, measure, and weight: as,
Sēvirum
,
of the Seviri;
nummum
,
of coins;
iūgerum
,
of acres.
The original ending of the ablative singular (
-ōd
) is sometimes found in early Latin: as,
Gnaivōd
(later,
Gnaeō
),
Cneius.
Proper names in
-âius
,
-êius
,
-ôius
(as,
Aurunculêius
,
Bôī
), are declined like
Pompêius
.
Deus
(M.),
god
, is thus declined:—
| SINGULAR |
PLURAL |
|
NOM.
de
us
|
de
ī
(
di
ī
),
d
ī
|
|
GEN.
de
ī
|
de
ōrum
,
de
um
|
|
DAT.
de
ō
|
de
īs
(
di
īs
),
d
īs
|
|
ACC.
de
um
|
de
ōs
|
|
ABL.
de
ō
|
de
īs
(
di
īs
),
d
īs
|
The vocative singular of
deus
does not occur in classic Latin, but is said to have been
dee
;
deus
(like the nominative) occurs in the Vulgate. For the genitive
plural
,
dīvum
or
dīvom
(from
dīvus
,
divine
) is often used.
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