Hīc Mars armipotēns animum vīrīsque Latīnīs

addidit et stimulōs ācrīs sub pectore vertit,

immīsitque Fugam Teucrīs ātrumque Timōrem.

Undique conveniunt, quoniam data cōpia pūgnae,720

bellātorque animō deus incidit.

Pandarus, ut fūsō germānum corpore cernit

et quō sit fortūna locō, quī cāsus agat rēs,

portam vī multā conversō cardine torquet

obnīxus lātīs umerīs, multōsque suōrum725

moenibus exclūsōs dūrō in certāmine linquit;

ast aliōs sēcum inclūdit recipitque ruentīs,

dēmēns, quī Rutulum in mediō nōn agmine rēgem

vīderit inrumpentem ultrōque inclūserit urbī,

immānem velutī pecora inter inertia tigrim.730

Continuō nova lūx oculīs effulsit et arma

horrendum sonuēre, tremunt in vertice cristae

sanguineae clipeōque micantia fulmina mittit.

Agnōscunt faciem invīsam atque immānia membra

turbātī subitō Aeneadae. Tum Pandarus ingēns735

ēmicat et mortis frāternae fervidus īrā

effātur: 'Nōn haec dōtālis rēgia Amātae,

nec mūrīs cohibet patriīs media Ardea Turnum.

castra inimīca vidēs, nūlla hinc exīre potestās.'

Ollī subrīdēns sēdātō pectore Turnus:740

'Incipe, sī qua animō virtūs, et cōnsere dextram,

hīc etiam inventum Priamō nārrābis Achillem.'

Dīxerat. Ille rudem nōdīs et cortice crūdō

intorquet summīs adnīxus vīribus hastam;

excēpēre aurae, vulnus Sāturnia Iūnō745

dētorsit veniēns, portaeque īnfīgitur hasta.

'At nōn hōc tēlum, mea quod vī dextera versat,

effugiēs, neque enim is tēlī nec vulneris auctor':

Sīc ait, et sublātum altē cōnsurgit in ēnsem

et mediam ferrō gemina inter tempora frontem750

dīvidit impūbisque immānī vulnere mālās.

Fit sonus, ingentī concussa est pondere tellūs;

conlāpsōs artūs atque arma cruenta cerebrō

sternit humī moriēns, atque illī partibus aequīs

hūc caput atque illūc umerō ex utrōque pependit.755

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    armipotēns, entis: adj. (arma and potēns), powerful in arms; valiant, brave, warlike, 2.425.

    Latīnī, ōrum, m.: the people of Latium; the Latins, 12.823, et al.

    stimulus, ī, m.: a prick; spur, (fig.), 6.101, et al.; incentive, sting.

    immittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a.: to send upon or to; drive to, 6.312; bring upon, 4.488; let in, 2.495; let fly, go, loosen, 6.1; hurl, fling, cast, 11.562; (with sē), rush into, 6.262; p., immissus, a, um, of the reins of horses, let loose; hence, (fig.), swiftly running, 5.146; unchecked, unbridled, 5.662; of the hair or beard, descending, left growing, neglected, long, 3.593.

    fuga, ae, f.: a fleeing; a flight, 1.137; escape, 11.815; speed, 1.317; voyage, 3.190; personif., 9.719; ēripere, agitāre fugam, to hasten one’s flight, 2.619, 640; dare fugam, w. dat., to yield, i.e. take flight, 12.367. (fugiō)

    Teucrī, ōrum, m.: the Trojans, descendants of Teucer, 1.38, et al.; adj., Teucrian, Trojan, 9.779, et al. (Teucer)

    āter, tra, trum: (adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.

    timor, ōris, m.: fear, apprehension, dread, anxiety, 1.202; personified, Fear, 9.719. (timeō)

    bellātor, ōris, m.: a warrior, 11.553; adj., warlike, 12.614. (bellō)

    Pandarus, ī, m.: Pandarus, a Mysian chief, allied with the Trojans, who broke the truce at Troy by wounding Menelaus with his arrow, 5.496, et al.

    germānus, a, um: (adj.), of the same parentage; particularly, of the same father; own; subst., germānus, ī, m., own brother; brother, 1.341, et al.; germāna, ae, f., own sister; sister, 4.478.

    cardō, inis, m.: a hinge, pivot, 1.449; the socket in which the pivot plays, 2.493; (fig.), a turning point, crisis, emergency, 1.672.

    torqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to wind, turn, twist, 4.575; roll along, 6.551; whirl, hurl, 3.208; shoot, 5.497; cast, dash, 1.108; direct, 4.220; turn away, 6.547; turn, cause to revolve, 4.269; control, 12.180; p., tortus, a, um, whirled, whirling, impetuous, 7.567.

    obnītor, nīxus or nīsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to press, push against, w. dat., 12.105; without an object, push, 4.406; struggle, resist, 4.332; bear up, 5.21; strive, strike against, 5.206.

    umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.

    exclūdō, clūsī, clūsus, 3, a.: to shut out, exclude. (ex and claudō)

    certāmen, inis, n.: a striving, a struggle; effort, 5.197; combat, emulation, strife, 3.128; battle, war, 8.639; contest, game, 5.286. (certō)

    linquō, līquī, 3, a.: to leave, 1.517, and freq.; desert, abandon, flee from, 3.213; pass by, 3.705; depart from, leave, 3.124; of death, yield up, 3.140; give up or over, desist from, 3.160.

    inclūdō, clūsī, clūsus, 3, a.: to shut in, inclose, 6.680; secrete, 2.19; for interclūdō, stop, choke, 7.534; to mount, set, inlay, adorn, 12.211. (1. in and claudō)

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    dēmēns, entis: (adj.), out of one’s mind, insane, foolish, mad, blind, 4.107; subst., fool, 11.399.

    Rutulus, ī, m.: a Rutulian; Turnus, 7.409; for the pl., the Rutulians, 8.474.

    inrumpō, rūpī, ruptus, 3, n. and a.: to burst; w. acc., rush into, rush through, 11.879; w. dat., burst into, 6.528.

    ultrō: (adv.), to the farther side; furthermore, over and above, moreover, 2.145, et al.; even, 9.127; beyond the limit of necessity; uncompelled, unasked, unimpelled; apart from all external influences, of one's self, of one's own accord or motion, voluntarily, willingly; unprompted by any words on another's part, first, 2.372; 4.304; unaddressed, 10.606; promptly, 10.282; impetuously, 12.3. (cf. ulterior)

    immānis, e: (adj.), vast, huge, immense, 1.110; wild, savage, barbarous, 1.616; cruel, ruthless, 1.347; unnatural, monstrous, hideous, 6.624; (adv.), immāne, wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

    iners, inertis: without ability; without force; inactive, inanimate, indolent; feeble, timid, 9.730; helpless, lifeless, 2.364; of the voice, weak, 10.322.

    tigris, is or idis, c.: a tiger or tigress, 4.367, et al.

    continuō: (adv.), immediately, straightway. (continuus)

    effulgeō, and effulgō, fulsī, 2, and 3, n.: to shine forth or brightly; be effulgent, 2.616; 8.677; glitter, be distinguished, conspicuous, 5.133. (ex and fulgeō)

    horrendum: (adv.), frightfully, fearfully, 6.288. (horreō)

    tremō, uī, 3, n. and a.: to tremble, quake, shake, quiver, 5.198; tremble at, fear, dread, 8.296.

    vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

    crista, ae, f.: a crest, plume, 3.468; helmet, 7.185.

    sanguineus, a, um: adj. (sanguis), of blood; bloodshot, 4.643; of bloody color or aspect, bloody, 2.207; fiery, bloody, 10.273; ruddy, burnished, 8.622; bloodthirsty, 12.332.

    clipeus, ī, m., and clipeum, ī, n.: a round shield; a shield, 2.227, et al.

    micō, micuī, 1, n.: to vibrate, dart, 2.475; flash, glitter, gleam, 1.90; tremble, quiver, 10.396.

    fulmen, inis, n.: lightning, 10.177; thunderbolt, 2.649, et al.; thunder, 1.230. (fulgeō)

    adgnoscō, nōvī, nitus, 3, a.: to recognize, 1.470.

    invīsus, a, um: hated, hateful, odious, 1.387; (act.), inimical, an enemy, hostile, 11.364.

    turbō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to stir up, confuse, disturb, 3.449; scatter, 1.395; overthrow, 11.796; agitate, 4.566; perplex, 1.515; enrage, anger, 8.435; madden, 7.767; without obj. acc., to make disturbance, uproar, 6.857, et a1.; reflex., to be troubled, 6.800. (turba)

    Aeneadēs, ae, m.: a son of Aeneas; pl., Aeneadae, ārum, followers of Aeneas, the Trojans, 1.565; Aeneadae, 3.18.

    ēmicō, uī, ātus, 1, n.: to leap, spring forth, 6.5; to dart, bound, or spring upward, 2.175; run, rush, dart forward, 5.319.

    frāternus, a, um: pertaining to a brother; brother’s, 4.21; fraternal, 5.24. (frāter)

    fervidus, a, um: adj. (ferveō), glowing hot; glowing; fired, 9.736; furious, 7.397; boiling, 7.24; threatening, 12.894; eager, impetuous, 12.748.

    effor, fātus sum, 1, dep. a. and n.: to speak forth; speak, say, 6.560. (ex and for)

    dōtālis, e: adj. (dōs), pertaining to a dowry, dotal, 4.104.

    rēgia: a palace, 7.171. (rēgius, a, um, sc. domus)

    Amāta, ae, f.: the wife of Latinus, 7.343, et al.

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    cohibeō, uī, itus, 2, a.: to hold together, restrain, confine, 3.424; check, curb, repress, 12.314. (com- and habeō)

    patrius, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to one's father or ancestors; a father's, 2.658; paternal, natural to a father, 1.643; exacted by a father, 7.766; due to, felt for a father or parent, 9.294; ancestral, hereditary, 3.249; of one's country, native, 3.281; belonging to the nation, of the country, 11.374.

    Ārdea, ae, f.: Ardea, the chief town of the Rutulians, 7.411.

    Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.

    exeō, īvī or iī, itus, īre, irreg. n. and a.: to go out or forth, 1.306; come out, 5.492; overflow, burst forth, 2.497; avoid, elude, 5.438.

    subrīdeō, rīsī, 2, n.: to smile, 1.254; 10.742.

    sēdō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to cause to sit, to render quiet. (sedeō)

    quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.

    cōnserō, seruī, sertus, 3, a.: to tie together; fasten, 3.594; arm, 11.771; cōnserere proelia, to join battle, engage in, fight, 2.398.

    Priamus, ī, m.: 1. Priam, son of Laomedon, king of Troy, 1.458, et al. 2. A Trojan youth, son of Polites and grandson of King Priam, 5.564.

    Achillēs, is (eos or ī), m.: the son of Peleus, king of Thessaly, and Thetis, daughter of Nereus, 1.468, et al.

    rudis, e: (adj.), uncultivated; rough.

    nōdus, ī, m.: a knot, 1.320, et al.; of a tree, 11.553; bond, 1.296; coil, 2.220; (fig.), difficult point; center of strife, 10.428.

    cortex, icis, m.: the bark, rind, 3.33.

    crūdus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, raw; of untanned hide, of raw hide, 5.69; covered with blood, bloody, 12.507; fresh, strong, vigorous, 6.304; rough, green, 9.743; deadly, cruel, fatal, 10.682.

    intorqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to turn or hurl toward, or against, 2.231; shoot, dart, 9.534.

    adnītor, nīsus or nīxus sum, 3, dep. n.: to press upon; (with dat.), lean against, 12.92; lean, rest upon, 4.690; alone, make effort, strive, 5.226; ply the oars, 4.583.

    hasta, ae, f.: a spear, 2.50, and freq.; hasta pūra, a headless spear, 6.760; pampinea hasta, a thyrsus, 7.396.

    Sāturnius, a, um: adj. (Sāturnus), belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; subst., Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn, 5.799; Sāturnia, ae, f., 1. Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

    Iūnō, ōnis, f.: Juno, the Sabine and Roman name for the wife and sister of Jupiter, daughter of Saturn, 1.4, et al.; Iūnō īnferna, the Juno of the lower world, Proserpine, 6.138.

    dētorqueō, torsī, tortus, 2, a.: to turn from; turn off, away, or aside, 5.165; bend, turn, 4.196; return, turn back, 5.832.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    īnfīgō, fīxī, fīxus, 3, a.: to fasten in or upon, w. dat. or abl., 1.45, et al; thrust, 12.721; p., īnfīxus, a, um, thrust deeply, deep, 4.689.

    versō, āvī, ātus, 1, freq. a.: to turn much; writhe, 11.753; turn, 5.408; handle, wield, 9.747; to buffet, drive, beat round and round, 5.460; drive to and fro, 12.664; toss about, 6.362; turn, hurry, 4.286; involve in or distract with, 7.336; with or without mente, pectore, etc., revolve, meditate, devise, consider, 1.657. (vertō)

    effugiō, fūgī, 3, n. and a.: to flee forth or away; glide away, 2.226; get off, escape; speed along, 5.151; pass swiftly from, flee from, escape from, 2.793; 3.272; escape, 3.653. (ex and fugiō)

    altē: (adv.), aloft, on high; high, 1.337; high up; deeply, deep; comp., altius, higher. (altus)

    cōnsurgō, surrēxī, surrēctus, 3, n.: to rise together, rise up; rise at once, 8.110; rise, 5.20; rise or spring to the oars, ply, 10.299.

    ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.

    geminus, a, um: (adj.), twin, 1.274, et al.; twofold, 6.203; double, two, 4.470; pl., geminī, ae, a, twin, 2.500; two, 1.162.

    tempus, oris, n.: 1. Time in general, a period, time, 1.278; interval or space of time, 4.433; crisis, circumstance, juncture, 7.37; season, fitting time, opportunity, proper moment, 4.294; ex longō (tempore), in or for a long time, 9.64. 2. The temple of the forehead, 9.418; commonly pl., 2.684; of animals, 12.173.

    impūbēs, is or eris: (adj.), not full grown; beardless, 9.751; youthful, 5.546.

    māla, ae, f.: the cheek bone, jaw, 5.436; pl., mālae, cheeks, 9.751; teeth, 3.257.

    sonus, ī, m.: a sound, noise, 2.728. (sonō)

    concutiō, cussī, cussus, 3, a.: to shake completely; shake, 2.629; push, 8.237; rouse, spur, 8.3; sift, examine, search, 7.338; agitate, strike with panic, terrify, 4.666; smite, afflict, 5.700. (com- and quatiō)

    conlābor, lāpsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to slip or fall together or completely; sink down, 6.226; swoon, faint, 4.391; fall, 4.664.

    artus, ūs, m.: a joint of the body of man or beast, 5.422; a limb, 2.173, et al.; part, member, 6.726; frame, body, 9.490. (generally in the pl., except in later writers)

    cruentus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, blood-stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.

    cerebrum, ī, n.: the brain, 5.413, et al.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    pendeō, pependī, 2, n.: to hang, foll. by abl. alone or w. prep., 2.546, et al.; 5.511; be suspended, 1.106; cling, 9.562; bend, stoop forward, 5.147; (meton.), linger, delay, 6.151; listen, hang upon, 4.79.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ro/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-ix-717-755