Ōceanum intereā surgēns Aurōra relīquit.

It portīs iubare exortō dēlēcta iuventūs,130

rētia rāra, plagae, lātō vēnābula ferrō,

Massӯlīque ruunt equitēs et odōra canum vīs.

Rēgīnam thalamō cūnctantem ad līmina prīmī

Poenōrum exspectant, ostrōque īnsignis et aurō

stat sonipēs ac frēna ferōx spūmantia mandit.135

Tandem prōgreditur magnā stīpante catervā

Sīdoniam pictō chlamydem circumdata limbō;

cui pharetra ex aurō, crīnēs nōdantur in aurum,

aurea purpuream subnectit fībula vestem.

Nec nōn et Phrygiī comitēs et laetus Iǖlus140

incēdunt. ipse ante aliōs pulcherrimus omnīs

īnfert sē socium Aenēās atque agmina iungit.

Quālis ubi hībernam Lyciam Xanthīque fluenta

dēserit ac Dēlum māternam invīsit Apollō

īnstauratque chorōs, mixtīque altāria circum145

Crētesque Dryopesque fremunt pictīque Agathyrsī;

ipse iugīs Cynthī graditur mollīque fluentem

fronde premit crīnem fingēns atque implicat aurō,

tēla sonant umerīs: haud illō sēgnior ībat

Aenēās, tantum ēgregiō decus ēnitet ōre.150

Postquam altōs ventum in montīs atque invia lustra,

ecce ferae saxī dēiectae vertice caprae

dēcurrēre iugīs; aliā dē parte patentīs

trānsmittunt cursū campōs atque agmina cervī

pulverulenta fugā glomerant montīsque relinquunt.155

At puer Ascanius mediīs in vallibus ācrī

gaudet equō iamque hōs cursū, iam praeterit illōs,

spūmantemque darī pecora inter inertia vōtīs

optat aprum, aut fulvum dēscendere monte leōnem.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    Ōceanus, ī, m.: the god Oceanus; the waters encompassing the lands; the ocean, 1.287; distinguished as eastern and western, 7.101.

    intereā: (adv.), amid these things; meanwhile, in the meantime, 1.418, et al.

    aurōra, ae, f.: the dawn, morning, 3.521; personified, Aurora, the goddess of the dawn, who precedes the horses of the sun-god, 4.585; the east, 8.686; the sun, 6.535.

    iubar, aris, n.: brightness, radiance, of the sun, or of a star; the sun, morning, 4.130.

    exorior, ortus sum, 4, dep. n.: to rise up; come forth, appear, rise, 4.130; arise, 3.128; spring up, arise, 4.625.

    dēligō, lēgī, lēctus, 3, a.: to choose from; choose, 2.18. (dē and legō)

    iuventūs, ūtis, f.: youthfulness; the age of youth; collective, young people, the youth; warriors, 1.467. (iuvenis)

    rēte, is, n.: a net, 4.131.

    plaga, ae, f.: a net, hunter's net; a snare, a trap, 4.131.

    vēnābulum, ī, n.: a hunting-spear, 4.131. (vēnor)

    Massӯlus, a, um: adj. (Massӯlī), Massylian, Libyan, 4.132.

    ruō, ruī, rutus, 3, n. and a.: to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

    odōrus, a, um: adj. (odor), that emits a smell; having a keen sense of smell, keen-scented, 4.132.

    rēgīna, ae, f.: a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273. (rēx)

    thalamus, ī, m.: a bedchamber; chamber, 2.503; couch, 6.280; marriage, 4.18; bridals, the bride, 7.388; pl., thalamī, ōrum, nuptials, wedlock, marriage, 6.94.

    cunctor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n.: to delay, hesitate, linger, wait, 4.133; keep one's ground, stand at bay, 10.717.

    Poenī, ōrum, m.: the Carthaginians, 1.302; Africans, 12.4.

    ostrum, ī, n.: the purple fluid of the murex; purple dye, purple, 5.111; purple cloth, covering or drapery, 1.700; purple decoration, 10.722; purple trappings, housings, 7.277.

    īnsīgnis, e: beautiful, 3.468; splendid, adorned, 4.134; conspicuous, 6.808; marked, renowned, distinguished, 1.10; illustrious, glorious, 10.450. (in and sīgnum)

    sonipēs, edis: adj. (sonus and pēs), noisy-hoofed; subst. m., horse, courser, steed, 4.135.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    frēnum, ī, n.; in the pl. sometimes frēnī, ōrum: a bit, 4.135; bridle, reins, 3.542; (fig.), 6.100.

    ferōx, ōcis: adj. (ferus), wild; impetuous; ferocious, fiery, fierce, 5.277; warlike, martial; proud, 12.895.

    spūmō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to foam, 3.534, et al. (spūma)

    mandō, mandī, mānsus, 3, a.: to chew, bite, champ, 4.135; eat, devour, 3.627; of falling in battle, bite the dust, 11.669.

    prōgredior, gressus sum, 3 dep. n.: to go, come forward or forth, 4.136; advance, 3.300; move on, 12.219. (prō and gradior)

    stīpō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to tread down, compress; pack together, store up, 1.433; load, w. acc. and dat., 3.465; throng around, attend, 4.136.

    caterva, ae, f.: a troop, squadron, band, 2.370; crowd, throng, multitude, 2.40; flock, 11.456.

    Sīdōnius, a, um: (adj.), of Sidon; Sidonian; Phoenician, Tyrian, 1.678, et al.

    pīctus, a, um: embroidered, 1.708; many-colored, speckled, spotted, variegated, 4.525.

    chlamys, ydis, f.: a mantle or cloak of woolen cloth, worn by the Greeks; a mantle, 3.484.

    circumdō, dedī, datus, dare, 1, a.: to put or throw around; (with abl.), to encircle, surround, encompass, inclose with, 1.368; of dress, gird, 9.462; adorn, 6.207; set, 1.593; border, 4.137; (with dat.), throw around, 2.792; twine or coil around, 2.219; put round, 2.510.

    limbus, ī, m.: a border, hem, fringe, 4.137.

    pharetra, ae, f.: a quiver, 1.323, et al.

    crīnis, is, m.: the hair, 1.480; train of meteors, 5.528; (often in the pl.), the hairs of the head, the hair.

    nōdō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to tie with a knot; bind, fasten, 4.138. (nōdus)

    purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.

    subnectō, nexuī, nexus, 3, a.: to tie beneath; to bind under, 1.492; bind, fasten, 4.139; tie or bind up, 10.138.

    fībula, ae, f.: a clasp, brooch, buckle, 5.313, et al. (fīgō)

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    Phrygius, a, um: Phrygian, Trojan, 1.381; subst., Phrygiae, ārum, f., Phrygian or Trojan women, 518. (Phryx)

    Iūlus, ī, m.: Iulus or Ascanius, son of Aeneas, 1.267, et freq.

    incēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, a. and n.: to step onward; walk, especially with pomp or dignity; advance, 1.497; move (for am), 1.46, et al.; march, proceed, 9.308.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    hībernus, a, um: adj. (rel. to hiems), of winter; wintry (others, in winter), 4.143; tempestuous, stormy, 4.309; subst., hīberna, ōrum, n., winters, 1.266.

    Lycia, ae, f.: a country on the S.W. coast of Asia Minor, 4.143.

    Xanthus, ī, m.: 1. The Xanthus or Scamander, a river near Troy, 5.808, et al. 2. A small river in Epirus named by Helenus after the Trojan Xanthus, 3.350. 3. A river in Lycia, 4.143.

    fluentum, ī, n.: a stream, river, 4.143; current, water, 12.35. (fluō)

    Dēlos, ī, f.: an island in the midst of the Cyclades in the Aegean, where Latona gave birth to Apollo and Diana, 4.144.

    māternus, a, um: adj. (māter), pertaining to a mother; mother's, maternal, 4.144; maternal, on the mother's side, 4.258; of a mother’s gift, 12.107.

    invīsō, vīsī, vīsus, 3, a.: to come, or go to see; visit, 4.144, et al.

    Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

    īnstaurō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to build; perform, celebrate, 3.62; revive, resolve anew, 2.451; celebrate anew, 4.63; renew, 2.669; repay, requite, 6.530.

    chorus, ī, m.: a dance in a circle; a dance; a company of singers or dancers, choir, train, 1.499; band, troop, 5.581; festival, 11.737.

    altāria, ium, n.: the upper part of an altar; a high altar, 7.211; an altar, 2.515. (altus)

    circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

    Crēs, ētis, m.: a Cretan, 4.146.

    Dryopes, um, m.: the Dryopes, a Pelasgian tribe, at first of Thessaly, later of Messene, 4.146.

    fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.

    Agathyrsī, ōrum, m.: a Sythian tribe dwelling on the river Maros in what is now Hungary, remarkable for the practice of tattooing their bodies, 4.146.

    Cynthus, ī, m.: a mountain in Delos, birthplace of Apollo and Diana, 1.498.

    gradior, gressus sum, 3, dep. n.: to step, walk, go, 1.312; move, advance, 10.572.

    frōns, frondis, f.: a leaf, 3.449; leafage, foliage; leafy spray, branch, twig, bough, 2.249; a leafy crown, a garland, wreath, 4.148.

    implicō, āvī or uī, ātus or itus, 1, a.,: to fold in; involve, entangle, entwine, 2.215; to wheel, 12.743; (w. dat.), bind to, 11.555; infuse, 1.660; insinuate, mingle, 7.355; sē implicāre, cling to, 2.724.

    umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.

    sēgnis, e: (adj.), tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

    ēniteō, uī, 2, n.: to shine forth, 4.150; grow bright.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    invius, a, um: without a way; trackless, inaccessible, impassable, 1.537; difficult, 3.383.

    lūstrum, ī, n.: a purifying atonement; the national lustrum or atoning sacrifice, the suovetaurilia, made at Rome every fifth year, at the taking of the census; the period of a lustrum, five years; an indefinite period; age, 1.283. (luō, to atone)

    dēiciō, iēcī, iectus, 3, a.: to cast down, 6.581; strike down, slay, 11.642; drive down, 4.152; shoot or bring down, 5.542; deprive of, 3.317; dēicere vultum, to cast down the eyes, 3.320; (pass.), dēicī, to be disheartened, dismayed, 10.858. (dē and iaciō)

    vertex, icis, m.: a whirl; whirlpool, 7.567; vortex, 1.117; whirling column of flame, 12.673; the top, crown of the head, the head, 1.403; summit, top, 1.163; mountain summit, height, 3.679; ā vertice, from on high, from above, 1.114. (vertō)

    capra, ae, f.: a she-goat; a goat. (caper)

    dēcurrō, cucurrī or currī, cursus, 3, n. and a.: to run down, hasten down, 2.41; descend, 5.610; run completely round, 11.189; sail over, sweep over, 5.212.

    patēns, entis: open; broad, gaping, 11.40.

    trānsmittō, mīsī, missus, 3, a. and n.: to send across; bear or convey across or over, 3.403; give over, 3.329; to cross, pass over, fly over, with acc. of the space crossed over, 4.154; to make across, of a passage or voyage, 6.313.

    cervus, ī, m.: a stag, deer, 1.184, et al.

    pulverulentus, a, um: adj. (pulvis), full of dust; covered with dust, dusty, 4.155.

    glomerō, āvī, atus, 1, a.: to gather into a ball or mass; roll, whirl, 3.577; collect; assemble, gather, 2.315; (pass.), glomerārī, in mid. signif., to throng, gather; troop, flock, 1.500. (glomus, ball)

    Ascanius, iī, m.: Ascanius, son of Aeneas, and traditional founder of Alba Longa, 1.267.

    vallēs, is, f.: a valley, dell, dale, ravine, vale, 1.186, et al.

    praetereō, īvī, or iī, itus, īre, irreg. n. and a.: to pass by, to come to an end; to go, pass by, 5.156; outstrip, 4.157; p., praeteritus, a, um, past, 8.560.

    iners, inertis: without ability; without force; inactive, inanimate, indolent; feeble, timid, 9.730; helpless, lifeless, 2.364; of the voice, weak, 10.322.

    aper, prī, m.: a wild boar, 1.324, et al.

    fulvus, a, um: (adj.), reddish or tawny yellow; yellow, 5.374; tawny, 2.722; brown, 11.751; glowing, bright, 12.792.

    leō, leōnis, m.: a lion, 2.722, et al.

    article Nav

    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ro/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-iv-129-159