Fama uolat paruam subito uulgata per urbem

ocius ire equites Tyrrheni ad limina regis.555

uota metu duplicant matres, propiusque periclo

it timor et maior Martis iam apparet imago.

tum pater Euandrus dextram complexus euntis

haeret inexpletus lacrimans ac talia fatur:

'o mihi praeteritos referat si Iuppiter annos,560

qualis eram cum primam aciem Praeneste sub ipsa

straui scutorumque incendi uictor aceruos

et regem hac Erulum dextra sub Tartara misi,

nascenti cui tris animas Feronia mater

(horrendum dictu) dederat, terna arma mouenda—565

ter leto sternendus erat; cui tunc tamen omnis

abstulit haec animas dextra et totidem exuit armis:

non ego nunc dulci amplexu diuellerer usquam,

nate, tuo, neque finitimo Mezentius umquam

huic capiti insultans tot ferro saeua dedisset570

funera, tam multis uiduasset ciuibus urbem.

at uos, o superi, et diuum tu maxime rector

Iuppiter, Arcadii, quaeso, miserescite regis

et patrias audite preces. si numina uestra

incolumem Pallanta mihi, si fata reseruant,575

si uisurus eum uiuo et uenturus in unum,

uitam oro, patior quemuis durare laborem.

sin aliquem infandum casum, Fortuna, minaris,

nunc, nunc o liceat crudelem abrumpere uitam,

dum curae ambiguae, dum spes incerta futuri,580

dum te, care puer, mea sola et sera uoluptas,

complexu teneo, grauior neu nuntius auris

uulneret.' haec genitor digressu dicta supremo

fundebat; famuli conlapsum in tecta ferebant.

    CORE VOCABULARY

    volō, āvī, ātus, 1, n.: to fly, 1.300, et al.; of rumor, to be spread rapidly, noised or spread abroad, 3.121.

    vulgō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to make common or commonly known; spread abroad, 1.457; divulge, disclose, 10.64. (vulgus)

    ōcior, ius: adj. comp. (superl., ōcissimus, a, um), swifter, more fleet, 5.319, et al.; (adv.), ōcius, more swiftly; rapidly, speedily, quickly, swiftly, 12.681.

    Tyrrhēnus, a, um: adj. (Tyrrhēnī), Tyrrhenian; Etruscan, Tuscan, 1.67; subst., Tyrrhēnus, ī, m., a Tuscan, 10.787.

    duplicō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to double; double up, fold up or bend, 11.645; 12.927. (duplex)

    Mārs (archaic form, Māvors), Mārtis: Mars, son of Jupiter and Juno; the patron of war and tutelar god of the Romans, 1.274, et al.; (meton.), martial spirit, courage, warlike fury, 6.165; battle, conflict, 2.335, et al.

    Euander (-drus, 8.100; Ēvander, -drus), drī, m.: Evander, an Arcadian prince, son of Carmentis, and king of Pallanteum on the Tiber, 8.52.

    complector, plexus sum, 3, dep. a.: to embrace; cover, 2.514; hold, 5.31; seize, grasp, 11.743.

    haereō, haesī, haesus, 2, n.: to stick; foll. by dat., or by abl. w. or without a prep.; hang, cling, adhere, cling to, 1.476, et al.; stop, stand fixed, 6.559; halt, 11.699; adhere to as companion, 10.780; stick to in the chase, 12.754; persist, 2.654; dwell, 4.4; pause, hesitate, 3.597; be fixed or decreed, 4.614.

    inexplētus, a, um: (adj.), unsatisfied, insatiate, 8.559.

    lacrimō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: to shed tears, weep, 1.459. (lacrima)

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    ō: (interj. expressing joy, grief, astonishment, desire, or indignation), O! oh! ah! w. voc., 2.281, et al.; w. sī and the subj., oh that, 11.415; sometimes placed after the word to which it relates, 2.281.

    praetereō, īvī, or iī, itus, īre, irreg. n. and a.: to pass by, to come to an end; to go, pass by, 5.156; outstrip, 4.157; p., praeteritus, a, um, past, 8.560.

    referō, rettulī, relātus, referre, irreg. a.: to bear, carry, bring back, 4.392; bear again, 5.564; cast up, vomit, 9.350; turn, 12.657; of solemn rites, render, pay, 5.605; bring back as a prize, win, get, 4.93; put back, stay, 11.290; repeat, 5.598; claim, 7.49; answer, reply, 4.31; report, relate, announce, 1.309; reproduce, resemble, 4.329; imitate, 10.281; turn, change, 11.426; 1.281; render, make, 8.343; vōce referre, speak, utter, exclaim, 1.94; referre pedem, return; (pass.), referrī, go back, recede, 2.169; return, revert, 12.37.

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    Praeneste, is, n. and f.: a town in Latium on a lofty hill about twenty miles southeast of Rome; now Palestrina, 7.682.

    sternō, strāvī, strātus, 3, a.: to spread out, spread, 1.700; stretch on the ground, strike down, slay, 1.190; cast down, prostrate, devastate, 2.306; make level, smooth, calm, 5.763; spread, cover, 8.719; strew, litter; overthrow, conquer, 6.858; pass. (in middle sense), sternor, ī, to stretch one's self, lie down, 3.509.

    scūtum, ī, n.: an oblong shield carried by the Roman legionary; a shield in general, 1.101, et al. (σκύτος, hide)

    incendō, cendī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set fire to, burn, 2.353; kindle, 3.279; illuminate, 5.88; (fig.), of the mind, fire, inflame, 1.660; arouse, rouse to action, 5.719; excite, irritate, enrage, madden, provoke, 4.360; disturb, rend, fill, 10.895.

    acervus, ī, m.: a heap, pile, 4.402.

    Erulus, ī, m.: king of Praeneste, and son of Feronia, said to have had three lives, and to have been killed by Evander, 8.563.

    Tartarus, ī, m., pl., Tartara, ōrum, n.: the lower world, Hades; especially that portion which was set apart for the wicked; Tartarus, 5.734, et al.

    Fērōnia, ae, f.: an ancient Italian goddess, presiding over woods and orchards, 7.800.

    horrendus, a, um: to be shuddered at; dreadful, fearful, 2.222; awe-inspiring, venerable, 6.10; strange, wonderful, 8.565; fierce, warlike, 11.507. (horreō)

    ternī, ae, a.: distrib. num. adj. (trēs), three each, 5.247; as a cardinal, three, 1.266; once in the sing., ternō ōrdine, in triple rank, in three tiers, 5.120.

    ter: (num. adv.), thrice, three times, 1.94, et al. (trēs)

    lētum, ī, n.: death, destruction, 2.134, et al. (cf. dēleō)

    totidem: (num. adj. pron., indecl.), just, even so many; as many, 4.183, et al.

    exuō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to put off; take off, lay aside, 1.690; unclasp, unbuckle, 9.303; put away, change, 4.319; divest; lay bare, strip, bare, 5.423; w. abl. of the thing from which, free from, 2.153, et al. (cf. induō)

    amplexus, ūs, m.: an embrace, 1.687.(amplector)

    dīvellō, vellī, vulsus, 3, a.: to tear asunder; tear in pieces, 4.600; tear away, 8.568; separate, scatter (others, drive away), 2.434; loosen, uncoil, 2.220.

    ūsquam: (adv.), anywhere, 1.604; by any means, at all, 8.568.

    fīnitimus, a, um: adj. (fīnis), pertaining to boundaries; bordering upon, neighboring, 7.549; subst., fīnitimus, ī, m., a borderer; pl., fīnitimī, ōrum, neighboring tribes, people, 5.106.

    Mēzentius, iī, m.: tyrant of Agylla or Caere, and ally of Latinus and Turnus, 7.648.

    īnsultō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: (w. dat.), to leap upon, bound upon, gallop over, trample on, 12.339; (w. acc.), bound, dance, rush through, 7.581; absol., prance, 11.600; insult, be insolent, mock, 2.330; exult, 10.20. (īnsiliō, leap upon)

    viduō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to bereave, with acc. and abl., 8.571. (viduus)

    rēctor, ōris, m.: a director, leader, ruler, 8.572; general, commander, 9.173; guide; helmsman, pilot, 5.161. (regō)

    Arcadius, a, um: adj. (Arcadia), of Arcadia.

    quaesō, 3, a.: to seek; ask, beg, beseech, 3.358. (archaic form of quaerō)

    miserēscō, 3, inc. n.: to feel pity, alone, or w. genit., 2.145; 8.573. (misereō)

    patrius, a, um: adj. (pater), pertaining to one's father or ancestors; a father's, 2.658; paternal, natural to a father, 1.643; exacted by a father, 7.766; due to, felt for a father or parent, 9.294; ancestral, hereditary, 3.249; of one's country, native, 3.281; belonging to the nation, of the country, 11.374.

    incolumis, e: (adj.), uninjured; unharmed, safe, 2.88.

    Pallās, antis, m.: 1. A king of Arcadia, great-grandfather of Evander, 8.51. 2. Pallas, son of Evander, 8.104, et al.

    reservō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to keep back or in reserve; save, keep, reserve, 4.368; keep in store for, bring back upon, 8.484.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    ūnus, a, um (gen. ūnīus, dat. ūnī): (num. adj.), one, 2.527, et al.; one alone, a single one (emphatically), 1.47; only, alone, 9.544; one in particular, 5.704; with a comparative, 1.15; with a superl., 2.426; with ante aliōs, 3.321; common, 5.308; one and the same, at once, 10.871; pl., one, 2.642; ad ūnum, to a man, without exception, utterly, 5.687; in ūnum, in one, together, 12.714; (adv.), ūnā, in one place or at one time, together with, at once, at the same time, 3.634, et al.; with -que following, 11.864.

    quīvīs, quaevīs, quodvīs, or (subst.) quidvīs: (indef. pron.), who or what thou pleasest; any whatever, any, 8.577.

    dūrō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to make hard, harden; to be enduring; endure, persevere; be firm, patient, bear up, 1.207; continue, last. (dūrus)

    sīn: (conj.), but if, if on the contrary, 1.555, et al.

    īnfandus, a, um: (adj.), not to be uttered; unutterable, inexpressible, unspeakable, 4.85; cruel, 1.525; dreadful, horrible, 10.673; accursed, perfidious, 4.613; fatal, 2.132; neut., in exclamations, īnfandum! O shame, O woe unutterable! 1.251; pl., īnfanda, as(adv.), 8.489.

    fortūna, ae, f.: fortune, destiny, lot, chance, fate, 1.628; success, 10.422; the proper moment, a chance, 12.920; misfortune, calamity, 12.593; personified, 3.53, et al. (fors)

    minor, ātus sum, 1, dep. n. and a.: to jut out, project; ascend, tower, 1.162; threaten, menace, 3.540. (minae)

    crūdēlis, e: adj. (crūdus), unfeeling, ruthless, cruel, inhuman, 2.124; relentless, 1.547; unnatural, 6.24; mortal, deadly, 2.561; bloody, 1.355; bitter, 1.361.

    abrumpō, rūpī, ruptus, 3, a.: to break off, away, or tear away from, 9.118; tear asunder, rend, 3.199; end suddenly or abruptly, 4.388; put an end to, 4.631; violate, 3.55; p. abruptus, a, um, having burst, bursting, breaking forth, subst., abruptum, ī, n., anything broken off; a precipice; abyss, chasm, 3.422; in abruptum, headlong, 12.687.

    ambiguus, a, um: adj. (ambigō), uncertain; doubtful, undecided; 5.326; twofold, 3.180; dark, obscure, 2.99; unreliable, treacherous, 1.661; hesitating, uncertain, 5.655; in suspense, 8.580.

    incertus, a, um: (adj.), uncertain, 2.740; wavering; fickle, 2.39; doubtful, 3.7; undistinguished, base, 11.341.

    sērus, a, um: (adj.), late, freq.; late in life, 6.764; slow, tardy, 2.373; too late, 5.524; (adv.), sērum, late, 12.864.

    complexus, ūs, m.: an embracing; embrace, 1.715. (complector)

    nēve or neu: (conj.), or not, and not, nor, neither, w. subj. or imperat., 7.202; ne — neu (nēve), that not — nor, lest — or lest, 2.188.

    vulnerō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to wound; offend, hurt, wound, 8.583. (vulnus)

    genitor, ōris, m.: he who begets; father, sire, 1.155, et al. (gignō)

    dīgressus, ūs, m.: a going away; a departure, parting, 3.482.

    dictum, ī, n.: a thing said; word, 1.197; command, precept, injunction, 1.695; promise, 8.643. (dīcō)

    famulus, ī, m.: pertaining to the house; a house servant or slave; manservant, 1.701; attendant, 5.95.

    conlābor, lāpsus sum, 3, dep. n.: to slip or fall together or completely; sink down, 6.226; swoon, faint, 4.391; fall, 4.664.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/ja/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-viii-554-584