CORE VOCABULARY
fossa, ae, f.: a ditch, trench, 7.157. (fodiō)
exitium, iī, n.: a going out; death; hardship, 7.129; destruction, downfall, ruin, 2.131. (exeō)
passim: (adv.), here and there, in all directions; everywhere, 2.364, et al. (passus)
herba, ae, f.: any grassy or herbaceous growth; grass, turf, 1.214, et al; fodder; herb, plant, 3.650; grassy land, pasture, meadow, 3.221; a plant.
arrigō, rēxī, rēctus, 3, a.: to raise up; erect; bristle up, 10.726; (fig.), to excite, rouse; p., arrēctus, a, um, standing up, rising; erect, 5.426; bristling, 11.754; attentive, 1.152; animated, roused, encouraged, 1.579; ardent, intent; intense, 5.138; in fearful expectation, 12.731. (ad and regō)
lōrum, ī, n.: a leather strap or thong, 2.273; pl., lōra, ōrum, reins, 1.156, et al.; harness, 9.318.
rota, ae, f.: a wheel, 1.147; (fig.), circle or orbit of time, 6.748.
Hyrtacidēs, ae, m.: the son of Hyrtacus. 1. Hippocoön, 5.492. 2. Nisus, 9.177.
Euryalus, ī, m.: a Trojan youth among the followers of Aeneas, 5.294.
hāc: (adv.), by this way or route, 8.203; this way, here, 1.467; on one side, 12.565.
quis, qua or quae, quid or quod: (indef. pron., adj., and subst.), any, some, 2.94, et al.; some one, any one, any body, anything, something, 1.413, et al.; sī quis, nē quis, etc., if any, lest any, etc., freq.; (adv.), quid, as to anything, in anything, at all, freq.; sī quid, if at all, freq.
manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.
attollō, 3, a.: to lift or raise up, throw, cast up, 3.574; rear, build, 2.185; (fig.), to rouse, excite, 2.381; with se, lift one’s self or itself, 4.690; come into view, appear, 3.205; (fig.), arise, be exalted, 4.49; (pass.), attollī, to rise, 5.127. (ad and tollō)
possum, potuī, posse, irreg. n.: to be able; can, 1.242, et al.; to avail, have influence, power, 4.382. (potis and sum)
cūstōdiō, īvī or iī, ītus, 4, a.: to guard, 8.218. (cūstōs)
vāstus, a, um: (adj.), empty, void, wild, waste, 9.323; vast, unbounded, 1.118; huge, enormous, immense, 3.647; deep-, vast-, sounding, 1.245.
līmes, itis, m.: a cross path bounding two fields; border, boundary, train, 2.697; track, passage, 10.514. (rel. to līmen)
memorō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to call to memory; mention, rehearse, relate, 1.8; say, speak, 3.182; name, 1.327; mention proudly, boast of, 5.392. (memor)
ēnsis, is, m.: a sword, 2.393, et al.; knife, 2.155.
Rhamnes, ētis, m.: a Rutulian chief, 9.325, et al.
aggredior, gressus sum, 3, dep. n. and a.: attempt, dare, with inf., 2.165; to advance toward; attempt, 3.38; attack, 9.325; assail, hew, 2.463; accost, address, 3.358. (ad and gradior)
tapēte, is, n. and tapēs, ētis (acc. pl., tapētas), m.: a coverlet; tapestry, hanging; a carpet, 9.358; abl. pl., tapētīs (perhaps from tapētum, ī), with housings, 7.277.
exstruō, strūxī, strūctus, 3, a.: to build up; erect; raise, spread, 3.224; build, 4.267; p., exstrūctus, a, um, raised by, reclining on, 9.326. exstrūctum, ī, n., an elevated seat or tribunal, 5.290.
prōflō, flāvī, flātus, 1, a.: to blow; breathe forth noisily, by snoring, 9.326.
Turnus, ī, m.: the chief of the Rutulians, 7.56, et al.
augur, uris, m., and rarely f.: a soothsayer, foretelling from any kind of sign; augur, diviner, prophet, 4.376.
augurium, iī, n.: the business of the augur; augury, divination, 1.392; an augury, omen, portent, 2.703; oracle, 3.89; presage, 5.523. (augur)
dēpellō, pulī, pulsus, 3, a.: to push, drive from or away; drive away from, w. acc. and abl., 5.727.
pestis, is, f.: destruction, 5.699; plague, pest, scourge, 3.215; death, 9.328; infection, pollution, 6.737; fatal, baneful passion, 1.712. (perdō)
iūxtā: (adv. and prep. w. acc.), near, close, near by, 2.513; at the same time, 2.666; near to, 3.506.
famulus, ī, m.: pertaining to the house; a house servant or slave; manservant, 1.701; attendant, 5.95.
temerē: (adv.), by chance; promiscuously, 9.329; in vain, 9.375.
armiger, erī, m.: an armor bearer, 2.477; armiger Iovis, the eagle as the bearer of the thunderbolts of Jupiter; Jove’s armor bearer, 9.564. (arma and gerō)
Remus, ī, m.: a Rutulian warrior, 9.330; the twin brother of Romulus, by whom, tradition says, he was murdered for leaping over the new walls of Rome in mockery, 1.292.
aurīga, ae, m.: a charioteer, 5.146; a groom, 12.85.
nancīscor, nactus or nanctus sum, 3, dep. a.: to obtain, secure, get, 7.511; find, overtake, 12.749.
secō, secuī, sectus, 1, a.: to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107.
pendeō, pependī, 2, n.: to hang, foll. by abl. alone or w. prep., 2.546, et al.; 5.511; be suspended, 1.106; cling, 9.562; bend, stoop forward, 5.147; (meton.), linger, delay, 6.151; listen, hang upon, 4.79.
collum, ī, n.: the neck of men and animals, 1.654, et al.; of a plant, 9.436; pl., the neck, 11.692.
truncus, ī, m.: the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk, 6.207; trunk of the human body, 2.557.
singultō, no perf., ātus, 1, n. and a.: to sob, rattle in the throat, gulp, 9.333.
āter, tra, trum: (adj.), black; dark, gloomy, 1.60, et al.; smoky, lurid, 7.456; 4.384; clotted, dark, 3.622; soiled, blackened, 2.272; (fig.), sad, fatal, 6.429; venomous, deadly; of the odor of smoke, 12.591.
tepefaciō, fēcī, factus, 3, a.: to make tepid or warm; (pass.), to reek, 9.333.
cruor, ōris, m.: shed blood; gore, 3.43; 4.455; blood.
torus, ī, m.: a bed, couch, 1.708; seat, 5.388; royal seat, throne, 8.177; bank, 6.674; the swelling part of flesh; a brawny muscle.
madeō, 2, n.: to be moist, wet; drenched, 12.691; p., madēns, entis, wet, moist; besmeared, perfumed, 4.216.
nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.
Lamyrus, ī, m.: a Rutulian, 9.334.
Lamus, ī, m.: a Rutulian, 9.334.
iuvenis, e: (adj.), young; in the vigor or flower of life; young, youthful, freq.; subst., iuvenis, is, c., a young person, youth; young man, 1.321, et al.
Serrānus, ī, m.: 1. Serranus, a surname in the Atilian gens, 6.844. 2. A Rutulian, 9.335.
lūdō, lūsī, lūsus, 3, n. and a.: to play, frolic, sport, 1.397, et al.; play with dice, 9.336; make sport of, mock, delude, deceive, 1.352; make one's sport, 11.427.
īnsīgnis, e: beautiful, 3.468; splendid, adorned, 4.134; conspicuous, 6.808; marked, renowned, distinguished, 1.10; illustrious, glorious, 10.450. (in and sīgnum)
aequō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to make equal in size, number, weight, etc., 1.193; 5.419; to equalize, divide equally, 1.508; make equal in length, 9.338; in height, raise to, 4.89; to equal, be equal to; to be as high as, on a level with; keep pace with, 6.263; return equally, requite, 6.474; lift, exalt, 11.125; p., aequātus, a, um, made equal or even; steady, 4.587. (aequus)
lūdus, ī, m.: play, sport, pastime, 9.606; mirth; pl., lūdī, ōrum, games, public or national, 3.280. (lūdō)
impāstus, a, um: (adj.), unfed; hungry, 9.339.
ceu: (adv. and conj.), as, just as, 5.88; as if, 2.438, et al. (ce-ve)
leō, leōnis, m.: a lion, 2.722, et al.
ovīle, is, n.: a sheepcote, sheepfold. (ovis)
suādeō, suāsī, suāsus, 2, n. and a.: to advise, warn, urge, exhort, 1.357, et al.; invite, 2.9; impel, prompt, 11.254; compel, force, 10.367.
vēsānus, a, um: insane, mad, furious, 9.340.
mandō, mandī, mānsus, 3, a.: to chew, bite, champ, 4.135; eat, devour, 3.627; of falling in battle, bite the dust, 11.669.
mūtus, a, um: (adj.), speechless, dumb, mute, 12.718; not spoken or heard of; unfamed, humble, 12.397.
fremō, uī, itus, 3, n. and a.: to make a murmuring noise; to roar, 1.56; whinny, neigh, 12.82; raise lamentations, 6.175; whiz, 12.922; resound, 4.668; rage, 5.19; to be fierce, furious, 4.229; fume, rave, 12.535; shout and sing, 4.146; a., rage, rave for, clamor for, 11.453, et al.; ore fremere, applaud, shout applause, 5.385; p., fremēns, entis, raging, 4.229.
cruentus, a, um: (adj.), bloody, blood-stained, 1.296; covered with blood, 10.498.
incendō, cendī, cēnsus, 3, a.: to set fire to, burn, 2.353; kindle, 3.279; illuminate, 5.88; (fig.), of the mind, fire, inflame, 1.660; arouse, rouse to action, 5.719; excite, irritate, enrage, madden, provoke, 4.360; disturb, rend, fill, 10.895.
perfurō, uī, 3, n.: to rage wildly; rave, 9.343.
atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.
medium, iī, n.: medium, iī, n., the middle, midst, 2.218; the intervening space, 6.131; ad medium, in the middle of the body, 12.273; in medium, into the midst, in public; before them, 5.401; for the common weal, 11.335.
plēbs (plēbēs), is (ēī and ī), f.: the multitude, throng, 9.343; mass, common people.
Fādus, ī, m.: a Rutulian, 9.344.
Herbēsus, ī, m.: a Rutulian, 9.344.
subeō, iī, itus (p. subiēns, euntis), 4, n. and a.: to go or come under, into, or up to; alone, or with acc. and prep., or with dat.; without a case, come up, 2.216; go under, bend, stoop down under, 10.522; come after; follow, 2.725; take one's place, 12.471; enter, 1.171; come into or upon the mind, suggest itself, occur, 2.560; with acc. and prep., go, advance towards, 8.359; with dat., come or go up to, down to, into, 5.203; succeed to, 5.176; come after, follow, 10.371; with acc., approach, enter, 1.400; go under a burden, bear, with abl. of instrument, 2.708; go under the yoke, draw, 3.113; enter the mind of, strike, occur to, 9.757; approach, reach, 3.512; approach, 7.22; meet, encounter, 10.798; attack, 9.344.
Rhoetus, ī, m.: a Centaur, 9.345; a Rutulian slain by Euryalus, 9.344; king of the Marrubii, and father of Anchemolus, 10.388.
Abaris, is, m.: a Rutulian warrior, 9.344.
ignārus, a, um: (adj.), not knowing; freq.; unaware, ignorant, 11.154; often w. genit., ignorant of, 1.630; unsuspicious of, 2.106; unconscious, 9.345; not knowing the land; (pass.), unknown, a stranger, 10.706.
vigilō, āvī, ātus, 1, n. and a.: n., to be awake, watch, 10.228; wake up, awake, 4.573; a., to watch against, look out for, guard against; p., vigilāns, antis, watchful, 5.438. (vigil)
metuō, uī, ūtus, 3, a. and n.: to fear, dread, be in terror of, be afraid of; to experience fear; fear, 6.733; w. dat., fear for, be careful for; p., metuēns, entis, apprehensive of, 5.716. (metus)
post: (prep. w. acc., and adv. of place and time); (prep.), behind, 1.296; next to, 7.655; after, 5.626; (adv.), afterwards, then, next, 1.612; hereafter, 1.136.
crātēr, ēris, m., acc. sing. ēra, pl. ēras: a large mixing bowl or urn; mixer; bowl, 1.724; jar, 6.225.
comminus: (adv.), hand to hand, 7.553, 733; immediately; near at hand. (com- and manus)
adsurgō, surrēxī, surrēctus, 3, n.: to rise up; rise, 4.86; swell, fume, 10.95.
purpureus, a, um: adj. (purpura), of purple; purple-colored, scarlet, red, purple, 1.337; of blood, 9.349; ruddy, glowing, brilliant, 1.591.
vomō, uī, itus, 3, a.: to vomit; belch, vomit forth, 5.682.
fūrtum, ī, n.: that which is stolen; (meton.), the act of stealing; theft; secrecy, concealment, 4.337; artifice, deceit, fraud, deception, 6.24; treacherous deed (adultery), 10.91; stealthy attack, stratagem, 9.350; fūrta bellī, an ambuscade, 11.515. (fūr)
fervidus, a, um: adj. (ferveō), glowing hot; glowing; fired, 9.736; furious, 7.397; boiling, 7.24; threatening, 12.894; eager, impetuous, 12.748.
īnstō, stitī, 1, n.: to stand on or upon; w. dat., acc., inf., or alone; w. dat., to stand on, 11.529; stand or hang over, 10.196; (w. acc.), to work at, ply work upon, 8.834; (w. inf.), urge on, press on, 1.423; persist, 10.118; (alone), to follow up, press on; pursue, 1.468; struggle, 12.783; be near at hand, approach, threaten, 12.916; to be urgent, important, incumbent, 4.115.
Messāpus, ī, m.: a Latin chief, allied with Turnus, 7.691, et al.
religō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to lie back or up; to picket, 9.352; moor, 7.106.
rīte: (adv.), properly, fitly, rightly, 6.145; justly, meetly, 3.36; well, 3.107. (rītus)
carpo, carpsī, carptus, 3, a.: to pluck or pull, crop, browse upon, eat, graze; cause to graze, pasture; gather, 6.146; (fig.), catch, breathe, enjoy, 1.388; consume, 4.2; devour, waste, 4.32; carpere prāta, etc., to course over.
grāmen, inis, n.: grass, 3.537, et al.; a blade of grass or of grain, 7.809; plant; herb, 2.471; pasture, meadow; grassy field, plain, 7.655.
Nīsus, ī, m.: a follower of Aeneas, 5.294.
absistō, abstitī, 3, n.: to stand off or away from, followed by the abl., alone or with prep.; withdraw from, 6.259; fly, dart from, 12.102; (with infin.), desist, cease, 6.399; (alone), stop, cease, 1.192.
propinquō, āvī, ātus, 1, a. and n.: to bring near; render favorable, 10.254; to draw near, approach, w. dat., 2.730, et al. (propinquus)
exhauriō, hausī, haustus, 4, a.: to draw out, drain, exhaust, toil through, achieve, 4.14; undergo, 1.599; endure, 11.256; inflict, 9.356.
solidus, a, um: (adj.), the whole, whole, entire, 6.253; massive, 2.765; solid, hard, 6.552; sound, unimpaired, 2.639.
perficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make completely; finish, complete, 6.745; perform, 3.178; p., perfectus, a, um, worked, wrought, executed, 5.267; fulfilled, 3.548. (per and faciō)
phalerae, ārum, f.: bosses of metal worn on the corselet; trappings, 9.458; trappings or caparisons for the heads, necks, and breasts of horses, 5.310.
bulla, ae, f.: something resembling a bubble; a boss, a stud, 9.359.
cingulum, ī, n.: a girdle, belt, 1.492. (cingō)
Tīburs, tis: adj. (Tībur), of Tibur, 9.360; n. pl., Tīburtia, 7.670; subst., Tīburtēs, um, m., the people of Tibur; the Tiburtines, 11.757.
Remulus, ī, m.: 1. A Rutulian, brother-in-law of Turnus, 9.593. 2. Remulus, a Tiburtine, 9.360. 3. A second Rutulian, 11.636.
hospitium, iī, n.: the relation of host and guest; hospitality, 10.460; friendly reception, entertainment; protection, hospitality, welcome, 1.299; guest-land, ally, 3.15; refuge, 1.540; alliance, 11.114. (hospes)
absēns, entis: (adj.), absent, 4.83. (absum)
Caedicus, ī, m.: Caedicus, an Etruscan chief, 9.362.
nepōs, ōtis, m.: a grandson, 2.702; pl., nepōtēs, um, grandchildren; posterity, descendants, 2.194.
Rutulī, ōrum, m.: the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber, 1.266, et al.
potior, ītus sum, 4, dep. n.: to become master or possessor of; get, take possession, w. abl., 3.56; enjoy, 4.217; seize, 12.642; win, 9.363; achieve, execute, 6.624; gain, reach, 1.172. (potitur, 3.56; 4.217) (potis)
umerus, ī, m.: the upper bone of the arm; the shoulder, 1.501, and freq.
nēquīquam: (adv.), in vain, to no purpose, 2.515.
aptō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to fit, join, or fasten to; with acc. and dat., 8.721; put on, 2.390; get ready, prepare, 10.259; fit out, prepare, 1.552; with abl. of manner, 8.80. (aptus)
galea, ae, f.: a helmet, either of leather or of metal, 3.468, et al.
habilis, e: adj. (habeō), handy, wieldy, convenient, easily handled, light, 11.555; well formed, 1.318; well fitted for, adapted to, fit for; well fitted, 9.365
crista, ae, f.: a crest, plume, 3.468; helmet, 7.185.
decōrus, a, um: adj. (decor), fit, proper, becoming, 5.343; graceful, beautiful, 1.589; adorned, 5.133; shining, 11.194.
induō, uī, ūtus, 3, a.: to put into; put on, assume, 1.684; clothe; surround, crown, 3.526; pierce, slay, 10.682; (pass. as middle, w. acc.), gird one's self with, put on, 2.393; induere in vultūs, transform to the features, 7.20.
excēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n.: to go out or away; depart, 6.737; flee from, 1.357; withdraw from, 5.380; retire, 9.789.
capessō, īvī or iī, ītus, 3, intens. a.: to seize, 3.234; (fig.), lay hold of, assume, 8.507; seek to reach, hasten to, 4.346; undertake, achieve, perform, 1.77. (capiō)
