Vergil, Aeneid VIII 306-336

Exim se cuncti diuinis rebus ad urbem

perfectis referunt. ibat rex obsitus aeuo,

et comitem Aenean iuxta natumque tenebat

ingrediens uarioque uiam sermone leuabat.

miratur facilisque oculos fert omnia circum310

Aeneas, capiturque locis et singula laetus

exquiritque auditque uirum monimenta priorum.

tum rex Euandrus Romanae conditor arcis:

'haec nemora indigenae Fauni Nymphaeque tenebant

gensque uirum truncis et duro robore nata,315

quis neque mos neque cultus erat, nec iungere tauros

aut componere opes norant aut parcere parto,

sed rami atque asper uictu uenatus alebat.

primus ab aetherio uenit Saturnus Olympo

arma Iouis fugiens et regnis exsul ademptis.320

is genus indocile ac dispersum montibus altis

composuit legesque dedit, Latiumque uocari

maluit, his quoniam latuisset tutus in oris.

aurea quae perhibent illo sub rege fuere

saecula: sic placida populos in pace regebat,325

deterior donec paulatim ac decolor aetas

et belli rabies et amor successit habendi.

tum manus Ausonia et gentes uenere Sicanae,

saepius et nomen posuit Saturnia tellus;

tum reges asperque immani corpore Thybris,330

a quo post Itali fluuium cognomine Thybrim

diximus; amisit uerum uetus Albula nomen.

me pulsum patria pelagique extrema sequentem

Fortuna omnipotens et ineluctabile fatum

his posuere locis, matrisque egere tremenda335

Carmentis nymphae monita et deus auctor Apollo.'

    CORE VOCABULARY

    exinde (abbrev. exin): (adv.), from that place; thence, of place; of time, thereafter; thereupon, then, 6.743, et al.

    dīvīnus, a, um: adj. (dīvus), relating to the gods; heaven-descended, divine, 5.47; heavenly, 1.403; inspired, prophetic, 3.373.

    perficiō, fēcī, fectus, 3, a.: to make completely; finish, complete, 6.745; perform, 3.178; p., perfectus, a, um, worked, wrought, executed, 5.267; fulfilled, 3.548. (per and faciō)

    obserō, sēvī, situs, 3, a.: to plant upon or over; p., obsitus, a, um, overgrown, covered over, 7.790; hoary, 8.307.

    Aenēās, ae, m.: 1. A Trojan chief, son of Venus and Anchises, and hero of the Aeneid, 1.92. 2. Aenēās Silvius, one of the Alban kings, 6.769.

    iūxtā: (adv. and prep. w. acc.), near, close, near by, 2.513; at the same time, 2.666; near to, 3.506.

    levō, āvī, ātus, 1, a.: to render light; lighten; lift, aid, 1.145; raise, 4.690; (fig.), ease, relieve of (w. abl.); support, rest, 10.834; reënforce, help, 2.452; mitigate, 3.36; allay, 7.495; cure, 7.755; relieve, 7.571. (2. levis)

    circum: (adv.), about, around; (prep. with acc.), around, about.

    exquīrō, sīvī, sītus, 3, a.: to seek out, 3.96; discover, petition, pray for, implore, 4.57. (ex and quaerō)

    monumentum, ī, n.: a means of admonishing, reminding, or instructing; a memorial, 3.486; record, tradition, 3.102; memento, 12.945; token, 6.512. (cf. moneō)

    Euander (-drus, 8.100; Ēvander, -drus), drī, m.: Evander, an Arcadian prince, son of Carmentis, and king of Pallanteum on the Tiber, 8.52.

    Rōmānus, a, um: adj. (Rōma), belonging to Rome; Roman, 1.33; subst., Rōmānus, ī, m., a Roman, 1.234.

    conditor, ōris, m.: a founder, 8.313. (condō)

    indigena, ae: (adj., m. f. n.), born in the land; native, indigenous, 8.314. (indu-, an old form of in-, and genō)

    Faunus, ī, m.: Faunus, the tutelary god of husbandmen, identified by the Romans with the Greek Pan, 7.254, et al. (faveō)

    nympha, ae, f.: a bride, a maiden; a nymph, one of the inferior deities, presiding over fountains, woods, etc., 1.71, et al.

    truncus, ī, m.: the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk, 6.207; trunk of the human body, 2.557.

    rōbur, oris, n.: hard oak or wood, 6.181; a tree, 8.315; (meton.), timber, a wooden structure; fabric, 2.260; (fig.), sturdiness, strength, firmness, courage, vigor, 2.639; pl., rōbora, wood, timber, 4.399; vigor, flower, 8.518.

    cultus, ūs, m.: a tilling; civilization, 8.316; dress, guise, appearance, 3.591; habits, mode of life, life, 5.730. (colō)

    nec or neque: (adv. and conj.), and not; neither, nor, 1.643, et al.; in prohibition, 3.394, et al.; neque (nec) — neque (nec), neither — nor, 5.21, et al.; nec — et, or -que, may be rendered neither — nor, 12.801; 2.534; nec nōn, and also, nor less, 6.183; nec nōn et, and also, 1.707.

    taurus, ī, m.: a bull, steer, ox, bullock, 2.202, et al.

    partus, ūs, m.: a bringing forth; birth, 1.274; offspring; son, 7.321. (pariō)

    rāmus, ī, m.: a branch, bough, 4.485, et al.; limb, 8.318; wreath, 5.71.

    asper, era, erum: (adj.), rough, 2.379; rugged, craggy, jagged, 6.360; chased, embossed, 5.267; (fig.), of the weather, stormy, 2.110; of temperament, spirit, or nature, barbarous, 5.730; formidable, fierce, 1.14; full of strife, warlike, 1.291; cruel, stern, 6.882; angry, 1.279; bitter, 2.96; displeased, 8.365.

    vīctus, ūs, m.: a living; nourishment, sustenance, food, 1.214. (vīvō)

    vēnātus, ūs, m.: a hunting, the chase, 7.747; the spoils of the chase, 9.407. (vēnor)

    aetherius, a, um: adj. (aethēr), pertaining to the upper air; ethereal, heavenly, 1.394, et al.; airy, 8.608.

    veniō, vēnī, ventus: to come, freq.; come forth; approach, 6.755; rise, appear, 1.353; dawn, 10.241; to present one's self or itself, 5.344; descend, spring from, 5.373; impers., ventum est, we, they came or have come, 4.151.

    Sāturnus, ī, m.: a deified king of Latium, whose reign was the “golden age"; identified by the Romans with the Greek Cronos, 8.319, et al.

    Olympus, ī, m.: Olympus, the name of several mountains in Greece and Asia Minor, the most famous of which was Mount Olympus in the northeastern part of Thessaly; the home of the superior gods; heaven, Olympus, 1.374; referring to the gods, 8.533.

    Iuppiter, Iovis, m.: Jupiter, son of Saturn and Rhea, and king of the gods, 1.223; Iuppiter Stygius, Pluto, 4.638.

    exsul, is, c.: an exile, 3.11.

    adimō, ēmī, ēmptus, 3, a.: to take to one’s self; take from or away, 4, 244; pluck out, 3, 658. (ad and emō)

    indocilis, e: (adj.), unteachable; untaught, rude, 8.321.

    atque, or ac: (conj.), and in addition, or and besides; and, as well, and indeed, and, 1.575; freq.; even, 2.626; in comparisons, as, 4.90; than, 3.561.

    dispergō, spersī, spersus, 3, a.: to sprinkle, shower around; disperse, scatter, 3.197; diffuse, dissolve, 11.617. (dis- and spargō)

    Latium, iī, n.: a country of ancient Italy, extending from the left bank of the lower Tiber to Campania, 1.6; (meton.), for Latīnī, the Latins, people of Latium, 10.365, et al. (2. latus; Virgil, 8.323, derives it from lateō)

    ōra, ae, f.: a margin, border, 12.924; coast, shore, 3.396; region, 2.91; rim, extremity, 10.477; pl., outline, compass, 9.528.

    perhibeō, uī, itus, 2, a.: to hold persistently; maintain, assert; say, report, 4.179. (per and habeō)

    placidus, a, um: adj. (placeō), gentle, calm, tranquil, peaceful, serene, 5.848; inactive, idle, 9.187; friendly, propitious, 3.266; (adv.), placidē, gently, softly, quietly, calmly, 5.86.

    dēterior, ius: (comparative adjective) worse; more degenerate, 8.326.

    paulātim: (adv.), little by little; gradually, 1.720. (paulum)

    dēcolor, ōris: (adj.), of debased color; of baser metal; vitiated, corrupt, 8.326.

    rabiēs, em, ē, f.: madness, frenzy, fury, fierceness, 2.357, et al.; of inanimate things, 5.802, et al.

    succēdō, cessī, cessus, 3, n. and a.: to go, come up to or under, with dat., or acc. and prep., or without a case, to go up to, visit, 8.507; ascend, 12.235; come up to, advance to, 2.478; approach, 7.214; encounter, 10.847; enter, 1.627; creep under, disappear beneath, 5.93; to descend into the earth, to be buried, 11.103; take up, take upon one's self, 2.723; go under, be yoked to, 3.541; to follow, 11.481; to turn out well; succeed, come to pass, 11.794. (sub and cēdō)

    manus, ūs, f.: the hand, 1.487; freq.; (meton.), action, movement of the hand; work, art, handiwork, 3.486; prowess, heroic deed, action, 2.434; force, violence, 2.645; a collection of persons; a band, crew, troop; an army, 2.29; forces, 5.623; multitude, 6.660; pl., manūs, workmen, 11.329; dare manūs, to yield, 11.558; extrēma manus, the finishing hand or touch, 7.572.

    Ausonius, a, um: adj. (Auson), Ausonian; Italian, 4.349; subst., Ausoniī, ōrum, m., the Ausonians; Italians, 11.253.

    Sicānus (Sicānius), a, um: adj. (Sicānī), Sicilian, Sicanian, 5.24, et al.

    Sāturnius, a, um: adj. (Sāturnus), belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; subst., Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn, 5.799; Sāturnia, ae, f., 1. Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

    immānis, e: (adj.), vast, huge, immense, 1.110; wild, savage, barbarous, 1.616; cruel, ruthless, 1.347; unnatural, monstrous, hideous, 6.624; (adv.), immāne, wildly, fiercely, 12.535.

    Thӯbris, idis, m.: an ancient king of Latium, 8.330.

    Italī, ōrum, m.: the Italians, 1.109. (Ītalia)

    fluvius, iī, m.: a stream; river, 1.607; water, fountains, abundant water; secundō fluviō, by the favoring stream, with or down the stream, 7.494. (fluō)

    cognōmen, inis, n.: a name common to a family; a surname; name, 1.267.

    Albula, ae, f.: the Albula, an ancient name of the Tiber, 8.332.

    pelagus, ī, n.: the sea; open sea, main, 1.138; flood, 1.246.

    exter (exterus), era, erum: adj. (ex), on the outside; external, foreign, 4.350; superl., extrēmus (or extimus), a, um, outermost; outer, 12.925; last, most distant, farthest, 5.327; remotest, hindmost, last, 5.183; final, 3.714; consummating, finishing, 7.572; last in degree; extreme, basest, worst, 11.701; the instant of, verge of, 2.447; subst., extrēma, ōrum, pl. n., the most distant parts, 1.577; the last sufferings, death, 1.219; perils, 3.315; adv.; extrēma, for the last time, one’s last, 11.865.

    sequor, secūtus sum, 3, dep. a.: to follow, 1.185; follow closely, pursue, 5.227; seek after, pursue, 3.327; seek to reach, seek, 4.381; 10.193; pursue a plan or course, 3.368; compass, attain, find, 6.457; follow in narrative, recount, 1.342; follow; of words responding to the will, 12.912; yield to the hand, 6.146; attend, favor, 8.15.

    fortūna, ae, f.: fortune, destiny, lot, chance, fate, 1.628; success, 10.422; the proper moment, a chance, 12.920; misfortune, calamity, 12.593; personified, 3.53, et al. (fors)

    omnipotēns, entis: adj. (omnis and potēns), all-powerful, almighty, 1.60; supreme, sovereign, 10.1; subst., The Almighty, 4.220.

    inēluctābilis, e: (adj.), that can not be averted by struggling; inevitable, 2.324; resistless, 8.334.

    tremendus, a, um: to be trembled at; dreadful, fearful, terrible, 2.199. (tremō)

    Carmentis, is, f.: Carmentis, a prophetess, mother of King Evander, 8.336. (carmen)

    monitum, ī, n.: an admonition; counsel; advice, warning, 4.331; command, 8.336; influence, 10.689. (moneō)

    Apollō, inis, m.: Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona; the god of prophecy, medicine, music, poetry, and archery, 2.430; met., a temple of Apollo, 3.275.

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    Suggested Citation

    Christopher Francese and Meghan Reedy, Vergil: Aeneid Selections. Carlisle, Pennsylvania: Dickinson College Commentaries, 2016. ISBN: 978-1-947822-08-5. https://dcc.dickinson.edu/vergil-aeneid/vergil-aeneid-viii-306-336